Qualities of a Successful College Student

What qualities in a student cause him/her to be successful in college? ESSAY 3 It can be fun for a person that is starting college. Starting college can be fun because the person is in a new environment. The environment is different for one who is starting because the person has to take on a more mature responsibility than he or she would have had taken on while in high school. Although starting college is fun, there are 3 roles a student can take on in order to be successful while in college.After getting through the 2012 school year, I have come to the conclusion that in order for a student to be successful while in college, he or she has to do the following: take a College Career Success Skills class his or her freshman year, he or she has to feel the professor out, and the student has to also take down notes. Taking a College Career Success Skills course is the best class that a 1st time freshmen can take while in college.It is the best class because the student finishes the cour se, knowing that he or she is going to be successful while majoring in the career of his or her choice. The course allows the student to explore a major and write a paper about it. This is because many students enter college not knowing what he or she wants to major in. The student also learns if he or she is capable of being successful in the field through taking a personality test. This test determines if the student’s personality match the field.If the student pass the test, than he or she has found a field and has also finished, knowing that he or she is going to be successful while studying in that field. For example: If bob was a 1st time freshman and he did not know what major he would be successful in studying, taken this course would have given him the answer because he would have had found the career that he knows he is good in. So, CCSS is the best course for a student who is trying to find a major to be a pro at while in college. When the student feels the profess or out, this is another way of being successful while in college.This is because in order to past a course, the student has to think the way the professor would think. The student has to work a math problem out or write a sentence out the same way his or her professor would because that is what one who goes to school would called â€Å"thinking like the professor. † When a student receives a graded paper, the student is suppose too get up and ask him or her â€Å"What did I do wrong? What did this comment mean? † This way, the student has all the information he or she needs to pass the course.If the student was told to work on subject-verb agreement, this would be the main thing that the student would look out for while writing because this was his or her weakest point. This way, the student then thinks just like the professor by writing out sentences like him or her. Good note-taking skills are another great way to be successful while in college. It is another great w ay because every piece of note counts. Every piece of note counts because everything that was written down over the week will be on the test.A student that takes down notes all week will mostly likely say â€Å"oh, I remember this†, when it is time to test because basically it was the test the student was writing out the whole time. If a student has written down all of chapter 6, he or she is suppose too be familiar with the test after taken down notes all week. Therefore, writing notes is another quality of a student being successful while he or she is in college. What qualities in a student cause him or her to be successful while in college?Many colleges are wondering the qualities. It takes one from experience to answer such a question. After surviving the spring 2012 semester, my following qualities were: taking a CCSS course to figure out what would I be successful at studying in, feeling out the professors so we both can cooperate like teacher-student, and writing down everything the teacher wrote on the board. Those are the qualities I would recommend to any student that is asking â€Å"what qualities in a student cause him or her to be successful in college? †

Machiavelli and Morality Essay

When reading Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince, one can’t help but grasp Machiavelli’s argument that morality and politics can not exist in the same forum. However, when examining Machiavelli’s various concepts in depth, one can conclude that perhaps his suggested violence and evil is fueled by a moral end of sorts. First and foremost, one must have the understanding that this book is aimed solely at the Prince or Emperor with the express purpose of aiding him in maintaining power. Therefore, it is essential to grasp his concepts of fortune and virtue. These two contrary concepts reflect the manner in which a Prince should govern while minimizing all chance and uncertainty. This kind of governing demands violence to be taken, however this is only done for the strict purpose of maintaining his throne, and generating both fear and admiration from his people. In all cases of violence, Machiavelli limits the amount of violence that needs to be taken down to the minimum, and most cases the victims of these acts are enemies of the people. Behind the violence, the prince is essentially taking the role of the villain and assuming all â€Å"bad† acts so that his people do not have to suffer and commit the acts themselves. In addition, all the Prince asks for is to not threaten his power and to respect it. In the 16th Century, this request is feeble compared to those of other hierarchical Monarchies. In the end, Machiavelli’s Prince assumes all the burden of violence while leaving his noble people to act as they feel accordingly without worry of their lively hood. This is Machiavelli’s ultimate stroke of morality. Before examining how the interaction of violence and politics lead to morality in the end, it is important to analyze exactly what Machiavelli demands of his Prince. First and foremost, Machiavelli harps upon the concept of fortune and virtue. By fortune, he means that everything is left to chance, while nothing will guarantee that a certain event will occur. Machiavelli writes that a â€Å"Great long standing Prince never rules with fortune. † Through risk and chance, one leaves him open to failure; thus action should be withheld if an element of chance is involved. Machiavelli ties virtue very closely to that of prudence. He defines virtue as acting exceptionally and draws a distinction between morality and virtue. In many respects Machiavelli defines virtue by prudence. If a ruler is able to balance his violence, keep his subjects appeased, and have a dire understanding of his threats, then in Machiavelli’s eyes the ruler has a strong virtue. What must be understood is that the throne is always in jeopardy and someone is always there to try to knock the prince off his pedestal. This is a prime understanding that a prince must have, and fuels the infamous argument by Machiavelli that it is better to be feared than loved. Machiavelli explains that, for the most part, love is very subjective and eventually will subside unless further concessions are made to appease his subjects. In addition, people only care about their personal conveniences and a prince would have to overextend himself if he were to be loved by all. Fear, however, is not subjective and has a universal effect on all his people. Fear can be attained by sporadic violent acts. One must understand, however, that massive amounts of violence can not be done because it would portray the Prince as tyrant, and might stir up his people to revolt against him. The acts must be calculated, concise, and serve a direct purpose not only to his benefit but to the people’s also. Despite what might be assumed, Machiavelli is really developing a principality based around the people, where the Prince’s actions are merely to save his own head from the chopping block. In essence, Machiavelli’s ideal principality sustains a genuine sense of morality behind the violence that â€Å"must be subjected in order to maintain stability. † Looking at his plans subjectively, Machiavelli could very easily have broken down the subjects in a hierarchical fashion or forced upon them large sum taxes and duties. He does not do this, instead opting simply for the respect of the people and the lack of treachery in affairs regarding his power. The people in his kingdom can live with tranquility, and pursue whatever they so desire. This freedom of the people and ability to act as they feel is more than a simple convenience. Personal pursuit of happiness of all is given by the Prince but at his expense. All that the people must do is respect and not threaten the Prince’s power. On the contrary, the Prince sacrifices his own motives, morals, and personal happiness so that his subjects may have them. Essentially, Machiavelli paints the Prince as a Christ figure. It is the Prince who takes away the sins of the world, so to speak. He gives up his morals so that other may keep and cherish theirs. Machiavelli firmly insists that politics and morality can not co-exist. The main reason is that moral behavior is consistent and can be predictable. Consistency and predictability are significannot ly weak components of a ruler, and could be exploited by his enemies. When a pattern of action is established, conspirators can conspire and plan an overthrow. These conspirators would then plunder and pillage as they came to power; therefore worsening the situation in the kingdom. The people then would become the victims, and anarchy would soon break out creating all kinds of disorder. So, although the intentions of moral political actions are good, in the end they will lead to immoral acts. The actions he takes are not just violent tyrannical activities rather they are sacrifices. He is the one who must live with the guilt of sin, not his constitutes. In terms of morality, the Prince does not demand any unmoral action from his subjects. He shoulders it all. It is also the Prince who, although it is also for his personal safety, eliminates the tyrants that not only threaten his throne but also his people. Along the same lines as halting anarchy or riots, the elimination of other power hungry individuals evaporates the threat of oppression on the people from another exterior source. One thing that remains consistent in his principality is that people maintain their honor and esteem, and this unselfish sacrifice is what makes the Prince’s actions in actuality quite moral. Another aspect that one can not help but ignore is that fact the Prince assumes the position of ruler at the costs and expectations. For being a Prince, he must at times be prudent and aware of his position with the people. Machiavelli writes â€Å"the Prince must be seen as moral by the people. † The fact underlies the importance of morality for Machiavelli. Without morality and without the notion of morality in a Prince, civil disorder will occur. Morality, with its uncertainties, provides at the very least a common non-violent base in which subjects have a set of rules could live by. What makes morality important to the Prince is that it also allows him a statute of sorts. For example, if people operate by their morals than the Prince has not to worry such problems as stealing, killing and other immoral actions. Therefore, just by appearing to be moral, morality can be used as a tool to control and harness the people below him. As Prince, Machiavelli’s existence and power is constantly threatened. However, it is not simply a job or power that the Prince would lose if he is to be overthrown from his position. It is, in turn, his life that the Prince would lose if he were overtaken. Therefore, it could be conceived that the Prince is acting and utilizing violence simply to save his own life. Saving a life, even it is your own, follows within the moral code. You could though look at the situation from a different perspective. Machiavelli argues that the only noteworthy position a moral person can assume is that of a martyr. However, I disagree with this statement because although one could be reveled as a martyr, the possible effects of a new prince’s statutes far outweigh the benefits of being a martyr. As a martyr people simply become energized and support your cause. However, if a Prince is such martyr, that would mean a new Prince is in power and could instill far worse conditions upon the people. Therefore, with his subjects as the top priority, morality demands that the Prince must stay alive and allow the people to prosper under his free monarchy. Machiavelli’s Prince is a book in which Machiavelli outlines the actions a Prince must take to hold and maintain power in a principality. Within the context of the book, Machiavelli brings forth the notion that prudent violence must be done in order to maintain the throne. In addition, he strongly expresses the ideology that a Prince can not be both moral and political. However, behind this argument lays the foundation of morality. The Prince’s evil actions although not moral seem to sustain morality for the subjects within his principality. The Prince assumes all immoral behaviors and thus, by sacrifices himself for the people, is indeed moral in the end.

A LESSON in HIDING

A LESSON in HIDING TriÃ'•tÐ °n nÐ °rrÐ ¾wÐ µd her eyes and glÐ °nÃ' Ã µd Ð ¾vÐ µr her slumped Ã'•hÐ ¾uldÐ µrÃ'• as she hÐ °Ã'•tilÃ'Æ' Ã' rÐ ¾Ã'•Ã'•Ð µd the Ã'•trÐ µÃ µt to her usual lunchtime spot, Cals diner. She Ã'•milÐ µd Ã' Ã ¾ngÐ µniÐ °llÃ'Æ' at the big man behind the grill and wÐ °vÐ µd at the rÐ µdhÐ µÃ °dÐ µd wÐ °itrÐ µÃ'•Ã'•. The usual Trish? Melanies tinkling vÐ ¾iÃ' Ã µ Ã'•Ð ¾undÐ µd Ð ¾ut frÐ ¾m bÐ µhind the counter Ð °Ã'• she grabbed a menu and two empty mugs. Yeah and make Ã'•urÐ µ TriÃ'•tÐ °n winked at the big man and Ã'•milÐ µd Ð °Ã'• MÐ µlÐ °niÐ µ tÐ ¾Ã ¾k a Ã'•Ð µÃ °t across frÐ ¾m her. It was hard to bÐ µliÐ µvÐ µ she hÐ °d bÐ µÃ µn fÐ ¾rÃ' Ã µd to move here 3 months ago. Her body shivers from the past of her life which forces her to leave all the things behind and go to new place. She was deeply in thought of the past situation. Her boss was killed bitterly in some political ties and she wa s in protective custody of FBI and relocated to the middle of nowhere. She sighed and pushed all the painful memories when she her only friend to MÐ µlÐ °niÐ µ prattle about the dÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'• Ã' uÃ'•tÐ ¾mÐ µrÃ'•. Did Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u Ã'•Ð µÃ µ Mr. TÐ °ll, dark? MÐ µlÐ °niÐ µÃ'• Ð µÃ'Æ'Ð µÃ'• glazed Ð ¾vÐ µr as she glanced Ã'€Ð ¾intÐ µdlÃ'Æ' at a few table Ð °Ã' rÐ ¾Ã'•Ã'• frÐ ¾m uÃ'•. Tristan curiously fÐ ¾llÐ ¾wÐ µd her gaze and blushed horribly Ð °Ã'• she met a Ã'•Ð µt of smiling dark brown eyes that rÐ ¾Ã °mÐ µd freely and without embarrassment Ð ¾vÐ µr her partially Ã' Ã ¾nÃ' Ã µÃ °lÐ µd bÐ ¾dÃ'Æ'. Melanies Ð °muÃ'•Ð µd expression fÐ °dÐ µd whÐ µn she Ã'•Ð °w the look of tÐ µrrÐ ¾r in her new friends Ð µÃ'Æ'Ð µÃ'•, Ã'•urÐ µlÃ'Æ' she couldnt have known the man that Ã' Ã °mÐ µ in, Spence hardly Ð µvÐ µr frÐ µÃ"›uÐ µntÐ µd tÐ ¾wn and his lÐ °Ã'•t viÃ'•it would have bÐ µÃ µn a few wÐ µÃ µkÃ'• bÐ µfÐ ¾rÐ µ Trish had gotten here. Spence watched as the dÐ µlÐ µÃ' tÐ °blÐ µ little woman shift nÐ µrvÐ ¾uÃ'•lÃ'Æ' in her. He felt riÃ'•Ð µ up in him he was Ã'•urÐ µ he would find out and rid her of whatever was bothering her. A lean, Ã'•lightlÃ'Æ' angry lÐ ¾Ã ¾king man sat down across from the girl and he bit back the growl that wÐ °Ã'• rumbling in his Ã' hÐ µÃ'•t. TriÃ'•tÐ °n smiled Ã'€Ð ¾litÐ µlÃ'Æ' up at Rick bÐ µfÐ ¾rÐ µ lowering her eyes back to the table, the man’s intense gaze Ð °lwÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'• set her on edge and she couldnt keep lÐ ¾Ã ¾king at him in the Ð µÃ'Æ'Ð µÃ'•. She picked at the fÐ ¾Ã ¾d MÐ µlÐ °niÐ µ Ã'€lÐ °Ã' Ã µd in frÐ ¾nt of her and Ã'•ighÐ µd loudly whÐ µn her Ã' Ã ¾mÃ'€Ð °niÐ ¾n didnt tart talking. Okay Rick, I know I messed up, but do Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u blame me? she winced. YÐ µÃ'• I Ã' Ã °n blame you! HÐ °d Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u bÐ µÃ µn rÐ µÃ' Ã ¾gnizÐ µd this whole Ã'•ituÐ °tiÐ ¾n would have gotten wÐ ¾rÃ'•Ð µ. Id hÐ °tÐ µ to Ã'•Ð µÃ µ the rÐ µÃ'•t of Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur living family and up like Greg. The steel of his voice and the mention of her dÐ µÃ °d bÐ ¾Ã'•Ã'•Ã'• name sent hill racing through her bÐ ¾dÃ'Æ'. I think you nÐ µÃ µd to get Ã'•Ð ¾mÐ µ air. SÃ'€Ð µnÃ' Ã µÃ'• large hand Ã' lÐ °mÃ'€Ð µd Ð ¾vÐ µr Ricks shoulder as he stared down hard at the man. HÐ µÃ'Æ' buddy this Ã' Ã ¾nvÐ µrÃ'•Ð °tiÐ ¾n has nothing to do with you Ã'•Ð ¾ who dont you go bÐ °Ã' k to your meal and mind Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur own buÃ'•inÐ µÃ'•Ã'•. Rick wÐ °Ã'• furious that this inferior mol was trying to scare him out of doing his job. Tristan blushed lightly at the large and very hÐ °ndÃ'•Ð ¾mÐ µ man’s appraisal; something within her hÐ ¾Ã'€Ð µd that hÐ µ would Ð °Ã'€Ã'€rÐ ¾vÐ µ and the rÐ µÃ'•t of her Ã'•Ã' Ã ¾ffÐ µd at the nÐ µÃ µd of no man’s Ð °Ã'€Ã'€rÐ ¾vÐ °l. Can I half Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u? Her tone wÐ °Ã'• Ã' riÃ'•Ã'€ and hÐ °rÃ'•hÐ µr thÐ °n she intended. He instead Ð µxtÐ µnd his hÐ °nd to hÐ µrÃ'• and sighed Ã'•Ð ¾ftlÃ'Æ' as her Ã'•tÐ °rtlÐ µd Ð µxÃ'€rÐ µÃ'•Ã'•iÐ ¾n fÐ °dÐ µd and she grasped his hÐ °nd, Ã'•Ð µnding Ã'•hÐ ¾Ã' kÃ'• of Ð µlÐ µÃ' triÃ' itÃ'Æ' Ã'•trÐ °ight through him. IÃ'• hÐ µ bÐ ¾thÐ µring you? SÃ'€Ð µnÃ' Ã µ glÐ °nÃ' Ã µd at the Ã'•mÐ °llÐ µr man and grinnÐ µd Ð °Ã'• hÐ µ briÃ'•tlÐ µd at his diÃ'•miÃ'•Ã'•Ð °l. He always bothers mÐ µ, but unfortunately I have no Ã' hÐ ¾iÃ' Ã µ in whÐ µthÐ µr I wÐ °nt to Ã'•Ð µÃ µ or talk to him. TriÃ'•tÐ °n glared at th e nÐ µÃ °rlÃ'Æ' sinister lÐ ¾Ã ¾king face Rick wÐ °Ã'• giving her; if looks could kill she would have bÐ µÃ µn six feet undÐ µr. Shut up Trish. Rick growled out. I will not tÐ ¾lÐ µrÐ °tÐ µ Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u talking to her like that. I, unlike her, dont give two hit but who you or. Spence grÐ °bbÐ µd the man be the Ã'•Ã' ruff of his nÐ µÃ' k and fÐ ¾rÃ' Ã µfullÃ'Æ' uÃ'•hÐ µrÐ µd him out of the building. I won’t be Ã'•Ð ¾ in the next time I Ã'•Ð µÃ µ you bulking round her. You just made a huge miÃ'•tÐ °kÐ µ buddy! You have no idÐ µÃ ° who you or faking with Rink bÐ µllÐ ¾wÐ µd Ð ¾ut as hÐ µ knÐ µÃ °dÐ µd the bÐ °Ã' k of his nÐ µÃ' k, the man dÐ µfiÐ °ntlÃ'Æ' had a grid to rÐ µÃ' kÐ ¾n with. I dont Ã' Ã °rÐ µ who you are, or who Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u work for. If you touch a hair and that womans hÐ µÃ °d or talk to her with anything but rÐ µÃ'•Ã'€Ð µÃ' t I will riÃ'€ your thrÐ ¾Ã °t Ð ¾ut and fÐ µÃ µd it to the wÐ ¾lvÐ µÃ'•. Do Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u undÐ µrÃ'•tÐ °nd me? said Spence with extreme anger. Rick lÐ ¾Ã ¾kÐ µd Ã'•tunnÐ µd at man that blÐ ¾Ã' kÐ µd him frÐ ¾m his target. If hÐ µ wouldnt move willingly Rick would have to urge him with fÐ ¾rÃ' Ã µ if nÐ µÃ' Ã µÃ'•Ã'•Ð °rÃ'Æ'. Yeah buddy I understand that youre some Ã'•Ð ¾rt of miÃ'•guidÐ µd Ð µÃ °vÐ µÃ'•drÐ ¾Ã'€Ã'€Ð µr that needs a Ã'•Ð µriÐ ¾uÃ'• lÐ µÃ'•Ã'•Ð ¾n in manners. MÐ °kÐ µ no miÃ'•tÐ °kÐ µ, just bÐ µÃ' Ã °uÃ'•Ð µ she saved your lifÐ µ today doesnt mean we won’t run into Ð µÃ °Ã' h other Ð °gÐ °in. SÃ'€Ð µnÃ' Ã µ turned on his hÐ µÃ °l, drÐ °Ã'€Ð µd Ð °n arm round Trish’s shoulder and walked her Ã' Ã °Ã'•uÐ °llÃ'Æ' back into the diner praying the guÃ'Æ' would fuck up and follow him back in, he nÐ µÃ µdÐ µd to find rÐ µlÐ µÃ °Ã'•Ð µ for this Ã'€Ð µnt-uÃ'€ Ð °ngÐ µr. Then, two love birds started meeting on and off. Their love spell started. One day, Spence asked Trish for a date and both of them had a qu ality time with each other. When they both were drinking, Spence asked her about the issue with Rick and the reason of her nervousness. At this question, she became infuriated and told him that Rick was dead. After her this reaction, Spence dropped Trish at her home and she took him in her home. Inside the back room, Trish had crawled out from underneath Spence. He fucked her like dog as she told him. She gripped a pillow in her fists and he breathed behind her, hot air down her back which was starting to sweat and slip on his stomach. She did not want him to see her face because it was blowing up inside, red and furious, and she’s grimacing at the pale white wall which was cool when she put her hand on it to help her push back into him, get his dick to fill up her body until there’s nothing left of her inside: just dick. While they both were having sex, Trish became werewolf and killed Spence as he did with her boss and Rick.

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Journal article critique - Essay Example Distribution of leadership would serve motivate the teaching staff making them to go beyond their mandate. The benefits of this distribution of leadership responsibilities would consequently trickle down to students. I found the idea that leadership is moral activity that should be creative and transformative in positively influencing the social and personal aspects of students’ lives insightful. This is important because it shows that effective leadership should not be based on opinion but duty (Rhodes & Brundrett, 2009). The idea of incorporating all stakeholders in influencing positive and improving schools and student behavior is a tested idea and it is effective. Leaving other stakeholders such as parents and students from leadership locks out the contribution of these stakeholders and this can slow the achievement of the goal of school improvement. The authors of this article explain that leadership that factors in student voice helps to not only improve a school academically and imparts responsible and active citizenship in students. I find this idea important because schools are supposed to have a holistic impact on students not just academically. I agree with these authors when they contend that leadership positions in schools are still highly engendered and this need to be changed. This idea is important because it would help tap women’s talent in improving schools (Rhodes & Brundrett, 2009). The idea that leadership development happens effectively on the job is important because it extends leadership development beyond leadership training programs. The idea to create a learning community as a strategy to enhance adaptability to change and improve students’ outcomes is noteworthy. This is because, many organizations are increasingly emphasizing the role of a learning environment in facilitating improvements

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The Alcan Case - Coursework Example Advantages and Disadvantages of the current Alcon technology infrastructure When Robert Ouellette joined Alcan as the Vice President - Corporate IT, the company was found to spend 80 % of its annual IT budget on external consulting and outsourcing services and also on hardware equipment and software. The annual budget for technology infrastructure was estimated to be around $76 million. Alcan had a complex technology infrastructure to support its diverse business operations. This consisted of 400 network sites and six main data processing centres. Under this regime, Alcan also used extensive hardware equipment including 3,000 servers, 31,500 personal computers and about 9,000 laptops. In addition, the IT employees had to manage information in 30,000 voicemail boxes and also answer 3,700 calls per month. To facilitate the smooth functioning of such technology infrastructures, Alcan had forged partnerships with numerous IT firms. Thus the current technology infrastructure included a range of diverse equipments. The company’s network was extremely complex in nature. Alcan had developed clusters of interdependent sites through a period of continuous acquisitions. Different suppliers provided service on these networks: it included big suppliers like MCI, Equant, Bell, Videotron as well as small local suppliers. In order to access the central network one had to go through many of these interdependent sites which were linked to a master site which in turn was linked to another master site that was finally connected to the main network of the company. So, a person wanting to access the company network had to go through a number of sites before that. As Alcan increased its acquisitions and sales, the clusters of these sites also multiplied in number. Gradually the whole system became so complicated that it started giving rise to instabilities within the network. It was hard to predict the after effects of removing even one single link, but it could be safely presumed that the consequences w ould be difficult to manage. (Dube, Bernier, Roy 2009, p8) Alcan had contracts with six different companies till 2009 for managing its six main data processing centres. They included the Hewlett Packard and the T-Systems in Germany, the T-Systems in Paris, the IBM in Toronto, the CGI in Montreal and the CGI in Saguenay. Thus, a lot of time and resources were spent in managing these different contracts. Gradually, the responsibility of simultaneously managing the six data processing centres required a greater amount of technical expertise than that which was already available within Alcan. (Dube, Bernier, Roy 2009, p8) Advantages and Disadvantages of the new Alcon technology infrastructure Alcan started implementing an infrastructure standardization plan in 2003 after it had acquired Pechiney. Under the regime of the new technology infrastructure, an Infrastructure Shared Service Centre was first set up for bringing the networks, servers and workstations to a common platform and thus decrease the complexity of the existing technological installations. Though the operations of the different business groups varied widely from each other, their technology infras

A constructive trust is the formula through which the conscience of Essay

A constructive trust is the formula through which the conscience of equity finds its expression. per Cardozo J, Beatty v Guggenheim Exploration Co. (1919) 225 - Essay Example The simple definition found in a freshman’s law book is a person, whom we shall call the donor, who has complete confidence in another person, (a friend, a relative, or a lawyer), who shall be called the trustee, and gives this person the right to administer his affairs (be it a house, bonds, jewels, an estate, and so on). This is what one usually understands by the word trust. Judge Cardozo gave the following definition: â€Å"when a property has been acquired in such circumstances that the holder of the legal title may not in good conscience retain the beneficial interest, equity converts him into a trustee.†1 This is far from being that categorical, especially when a slew of other factors make it quite confusing, especially when there are differences between the US and the English interpretation of the constructive trust law. â€Å"Lord Wright MR2 deplored the absence of an English work on restitution and noted that the American principles [of constructive trust] stated appear to be consistent with the large and unanalyzed mass of English cases.†¦ [furthermore,] in the Restatement (1937) Lord Wright treats the constructive trust as a remedy,† (Lacy p.1) and assesses the one difference between both countries as to the interpretation and that is one of analysis. If the British judges group the equitable jurisdiction as a restitutionary one, then the remedies must therefore be given by the common law courts. On the other hand, if the English judges take Cardozo’s statement as written then the British judicial system recognizes this US law a universal one regardless of its context. (Lacy p.1) The following cases, Barnes v Addys [1874] LR 9 Ch App 244, Royal Brunei Airlines Sdn Bhd v Tan [1995] 2 AC 378, Belmont Finance Corp v Williams Furniture Ltds [1968] 1 WLR 15555 at 1582, and R v Ghosh [1982] QB 1053, will be used to illustrate the ambiguity of the constructive

Abraham Maslows Theory of Human Motivation Essay

Abraham Maslows Theory of Human Motivation - Essay Example This essay applies Maslow’s theory of human motivation to my own personal experience. As Maslow’s theory of human motivation advances in a progressive manner, the methodology of this analysis parallels this theoretical structure. When considering Maslow’s theory of motivation in the context of my own existence I recognize that one of the greatest challenges is clearly distinguishing between need fulfillment and need deficiency. Indeed, one of the prominent criticisms of Maslow’s theory is that it is overly contingent on arbitrary distinctions between fulfilled and unfulfilled ("Maslows hierarchy of," 2008). Still, such criticisms seem to partly misread Maslow, who indicated that there was great degree of fluidity of motivation, with need fulfillment approximating percentage form (Maslow). In my own life I recognize that in addition to having needs partially fulfilled, my needs have been fulfilled to differing degrees at differing periods of my life. Before leaving home to attend college my physiological needs were completely accounted for. Indeed, to a great extent the primacy of this need did not come to the forefront of my consideration until moving out of my parents’ home and assuming increased responsibility for my subsistence. Having my physiological needs accounted for during my youth created a strong foundation for my personal development and pursuit of higher level needs. Still, when considering this need I recognize that my personal motivation occurs on both a macro and micro level. That is, when I examine my youth in retrospect, I am able to make the macro-statement that my physiological needs were met; however, I also recognize that there were brief times when during the day I was hungry or sleep period deprived. I believe this distinction is significant as it indicates that human motivation, as progressing through Maslow’s needs system, is a fluid process wherein individuals

Capital Budget Essay Example for Free

Capital Budget Essay Looking at River County plan for several capital acquisitions for the coming year which include the purchase of two new garbage trucks at $150,000 each, one new bulldozer at $240,000, three new riding lawn mowers at $16,000 each, and construction of an activity center in the part for $650,000. The expected lifetime of the various capital items is 10 years for the garbage trucks, 8 years for the bulldozer, 5 years for the lawn mowers, and 40 years for the activity center. Due to the current credit rating of River County, River County was approved for a 6% interest rate on all vehicles and lawn mowers, and a 3% interest on the activity center. The total cost to finance both garbage trucks for one year is $20,380.19 and the total cost is $203,801.90 for 10 years. The yearly cost to finance the bulldozer is $38,648.63 and the total cost is $309,189.04 for 8 years. The total cost of financing all three lawn mowers for a year is $11,395.03 and the total cost for 5 years is $56,975.15. The yearly cost to finance the activity center is $28,120.55 and the total cost is $1,124,822.22 for 40 years. The total cost for the capital budget from year 1 to year 5 will be $126,664.95. The total budget cost from year 6 to year 8 will $115,269.92 and from year 9 to 10 $76,621.29. From year 10 unto year 40, the budget would be $28,120.55 for the activity center. However, River County would pay off the lawn movers in 5 years, bulldozer in 8 years, and garbage trucks in 10 years the issue of depreciation stills needs to be addressed. The current value of the equipment would need to be appraised to determine if it is still operational according to River County standards, or do the equipment need to be replaced. If River County decides to replace the equipment then the revenue from the savage would be used to re-invest in to new equipment and the capital budget would be updated. With the current River County budget the tax revenues received from the county would be more than sufficient, but if there is a budget short fall, River County could issue 5 year municipal bonds to cover the cost. Reference: Finkler, S.A. (2010). Financial management for public, health, and not-for-profit organizations (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Martinson, O. B. (2002). A look at cost accounting in the service industry and the federal government.The Journal of Government Financial Management, 51(1), 18-25. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/222373894?accountid=32521 Rodriguez, J. F. (1994). Sound principles: New adaptations. The Government Accountants Journal, 43(3),35. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/222431343?accountid=32521

Building Blocks of Life Essay Example for Free

Building Blocks of Life Essay Part 1: Mitosis and Meiosis Short-Answer Response Use Ch. 5 of BioInquiry and the â€Å"Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis† video as resources for Part 1 of this assignment. Write 75- to 100-word answers to the following questions. Why are the process of mitosis and meiosis both important to a living organism? Both mitosis and meiosis processes are extremely important because they are the division of chromosomes and without this division reproduction would not occur. Cell division plays an important role in the life cycle of a cell allowing the cell to grow, develop and then reproduce. If these processes did not occur then the cells would eventually die out and without the ability to be replaced by new cells then the host would die as well. When would an organism need to undergo the process of mitosis? Meiosis? An organism would need to undergo the process of mitosis in order to repair damaged cells or to start a new cell life cycle through cellular division. All cells need to be replaced on the regular basic within a living organism the cells divide and create new cells. An organism would need to undergo the process of meiosis when it needs to produce cells that are designated for sexual reproduction, such as egg or sperm cells within humans What would happen if meiosis did not occur? If meiosis did not occur then haploid cells would not be made resulting in the cell being unable to reproduce. Meiosis I reduces the number of chromosomes by half so that when fertilization occurs the number of  chromosomes would be reestablished. During meiosis II the daughter cell is a unique variation of its parent cell while still only having one pair of chromosomes. Part 2: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Matrix Complete the matrix. Use the following questions to aid in completion: What is the purpose of this pathway? Reactants: What does this reaction need to proceed? Products: What is produced because of the reaction? The role of ATP: Does it supply energy or store energy? Cellular respiration Photosynthesis Pathway Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport Light-dependent reaction Light-independent reaction Purpose Energy Harvesting or Sugar-Splitting breakdown of glucose to single carbon molecules Converts oxygen to water Provide energy for the light-independent reaction Produces food for cellular respiration Where it takes place Cell cytoplasm Mitochondria Mitochondria Chloroplasts Chloroplasts Reactants ATP, NADH, Pyruvates,CO2,Coenzyme A,PGAL Acetyl Co-A, oxaloacetate, Citrate, Alpha ketoglutarate NADH, FADH2 Sunlight, chlorophyll, and water ATP, carbon dioxide, and NADPH Products H20, NADH, ATP Carbon dioxide and ATP 36 ATP Oxygen and ATP Carbohydrates (sugar and starch) The role of ATP Energy used to breakdown Pyruvic acid into Acetyl Co-enzyme A for the Krebs Cycle Energy to drive the electron transport High production of ATP produces energy for overall cell growth and repair Transports solar energy in the form of ATP to power other chemical reactions Fuels the formation of carbohydrates

Characteristics of Money to Function Effectively

Characteristics of Money to Function Effectively Explain the characteristics required by money if it is to carry out its functions effectively. What is money? Money is primarily a current medium exchange, for a person to buy goods and services from other person in the form of coins and banknotes (Freeman, 2012). It is critical to have a clear definition between money and wealth. In general, people may tend to use the term â€Å"money† as a synonym for â€Å"wealth†, such as Warren Buffet has a lot of money. However, economists clarify that these two terms are not in fact synonymous. In the side of economics, â€Å"money† is specifically used to refer to the currency, but not an individual’s wealth or assets. Yet, technically anything can be served as money as long as it possesses the following four main functions (Beggs, 2014). First of all, it must have the primarily function of serving as a medium of exchange. People need an item that is able to act as money to undergo the activities of buying and selling goods and services. In other words, an item that considered as money must be widely being accepted as payments for goods and services (Beggs, 2014). Money has made the transactions easier as everyone is willing to trade money for goods and goods for money. However without money, the transactions must be conducted through the barter system where exchange can only happen if there is double coincidence of wants. This system will cause inconvenience to the people as they cannot buy what they want or need or the seller may hard to sell his goods unless double coincidence of wants happens. Hence, we can conclude that money has eliminated the inconvenience which was faced in barter transactions by eliminating the double coincidence when purchasing or selling goods and services (UPADHYAYA, 2012). People can buy what they need from the seller and inversely seller can sell all the goods and services to people who need. Besides that, money is able to create efficiency as it eliminates uncertainty regarding what is going to be accepted as payment by various businesses. With a generally accepted medium of exchange, trades are easier, more efficient, and resources can spend more time doing production (Money Functions, 2000-2014). Besides that, an item must work as unit of value or standard value in order to consider as money. Money is being used as the common benchmark to designate the prices of goods throughout the economy (Money Functions, 2000-2014). Money provides and measures various goods and services with different value that produced in the economy, in the terms of monetary unit. Without this function, money is extremely hard to identify since there is no value in between, and also hard to make a decision on how much volume of goods and services should be given in exchange of a given quantity of a commodity in a barter economy (UPADHYAYA, 2012). However, money has solved this problem by letting people to know the exact value or price of a good. It enables both the suppliers and buyers to make wise decisions about how much to supply for the goods and how much to purchase in exchange (Function of Money, 2013). Moreover, money must be able to hold its purchasing power over time to a reasonable degree so that people can store surplus purchasing power and use it whenever they want and need. If money could not store even for some period of time and still remain valuable in exchange, double coincidence in barter system would not solve and therefore would not adopted as a medium exchange. People will face a problem in buying whatever they want or needed (Function of Money, 2013). So, this feature adds to efficiency as it gives producers and consumers flexibility in the timing of purchases and sales (Beggs, 2014). Money can also be accumulated to provide a source of wealth. It may not be the best store of value in economy since it depreciates with inflation, but money is more liquid than others as it is readily accepted everywhere. Furthermore, money is an easily transported store of value that is available in a number of convenient denominations (Function of Money, 2013). The last main function of money is acting as a standard of deferred payment in an economy. It simply means that money is used for specifying future payments for current purchases. People who purchase some high value goods can pay off the payments in their future. This function may seem confusing or obliterate, but it is a direct result of the store of value and unit of account. However, for money to be deferred payment standard, it must retain its value and also store its value by anticipating future money values based on future inflation (Money Functions, 2000-2014). If money failed to do so, there would be a big different between the current price and future price that both creditors and debtors would stand to lose in this situation. The characteristics of what item can be served as money always depend somewhat on the degree of complexity in the society. A relatively simple economy, with relatively few goods and services, few producers and consumers, and few transactions, may be able to function with a form of money that would not work in a more complex society. Nowadays, it is impossible for a shell or furs working particularly well as money in Canada. However at an earlier time, it could and it did in a simpler economy (The Characteristics of Money, 2000). There are some general characteristics that money should possess where it is usually important for whatever serves as money in a modern society. First, money must be durable that needs to withstand every day wear and tore (Rouse, 2011). Money must have the ability to survive repeated usage over time by retaining the same shape, form, and substance. Money also must not be easily decomposed, deteriorated, degraded, or otherwise change form so that it can store its value a period of time. Durability is fundamental for money to perform the related functions of medium of exchange and store value. People who are willing to accept an item which act as money for the payment of goods, are due to the confidence and trusty on that item where it can serve as a medium of exchange for something value and also able to trade in future time for other goods. If an apple is acting as money and pay for everything in apples, problem will arise since apples will be rotten in few days and can’t store value although able to work as a medium of exchange. So when an item is able to work as a medium of exchange, it usually able to store value fr om one transaction to the next too. Somehow, it is also related to the function of standard of deferred payment that durability ensures that money can be survived over an extended period of time. Therefore, people are able to pay off their payments in their future (Money Characteristics, 2000-2014). Second, money must be divisible where has ability to be broken down into smaller units or smaller denominations for transactional purposes of varying values goods. People will only need as much money as is necessary for their purchases. For example, 100 cents is equal to RM1. If the money is in bigger units, then people will hard to pay their low price goods as division is too big and will cause inconvenience. For an item to function as the medium exchange, it must be divisible so that people can purchase goods with wide range of different values. It must have increments that allow to be traded for both high value goods and also low value too with everything in between. Unit of account can also be performed in this characteristic by providing a common measure of the goods and services’ value being exchanged. Therefore, it is necessary for money to be easily broken down for different types of transactions (Money Characteristics, 2000-2014). Third, money must be portability or transportability where it can be easily moved from place to place for transportation. Money must be portable that give an advantage to all people for transporting or transferring their money from a place to another place or one to another. To perform the medium of exchange, money should be light and easy enough to bring everywhere for purchasing goods and even bring it for travelling. However, if money is as heavy as an elephant, it is hard to bring it everywhere and cause inconvenient to people. Hence, money must be portable for medium of exchange. Fourth, money must be difficult in counterfeiting and limited in supply so that money is able to store its value. It simply means that money cannot be duplicated easily by everyone other than the government. It must be relatively hard to produce and obtain by people. If everyone is able to â€Å"print up† or â€Å"whip up† a batch of money at any time when they needed, the store value of the money will drop since they can produced easily without limit. Moreover, if money can be reproduced by people, price will highly likely be very high since everyone can obtain it easily and couldn’t control the supply. Hence people need a lot of that item in order to exchange goods. It will affect the store of value and somehow the medium of exchange too (The Characteristics of Money, 2000). Fifth, in terms of a form of currency being accepted within society, money must be accepted by everyone in the economy (Normanton). It simply means that money should be widely accepted as a means of payment that every country must agree to accept it as a medium of exchange. Everyone in an economy must be able to exchange for goods and services, and hence this acceptance is for the purpose of exchanging. Acceptability is important for money to perform the relatively functions of medium of exchange and standard of deferred payments. If a type of money is only accepted in certain areas and not others, it will be inconvenience for people to exchange goods and services outside the country. Moreover, it also related to the standard of deferred payments. The currency must be accepted by everyone so that the current purchases can be paid in future. Last but not least, money should maintain a relatively stable value which is stability or uniformity. Money must be worth the same over time or simply means always maintain the same value for a long period (Rouse, 2011). Money within that specific currency must look the same by depending on the various types of currency that are available (Normanton). If the money value is not stable every time, it will consider as useless money since money is the standard for people to measure accurately for the value of commodities (Studypoints, 2011). Stability helps to perform all functions of money in an economy. As the money is stable, people can exchange their goods and services with reasonable prices from each other. Other than that, money can be counted and measure accurately as the money is stability. By relating to the function of store of value, stability can provide people a source of wealth. If the money is not stable, people will get back less money than the money they have invested. S tability of money can also help to perform the function of standard of deferred payments by enabling people to pay in future time. If the money is not stable, people will tend to confuse on how much they need to pay for that good. In conclusion, the functions of the money are interrelated with the characteristics of money. If one of the functions or characteristics failed to do so, it will seriously affect the currency of the value in an economy. Hence, the money needs to be durable, portable, and divisible, be stable, difficult in counterfeiting and limited in supply, and also acceptable to all countries and people. However, the most essential attribute of anything that serves as money is acceptability that it must be readily accepted by people in the economy. Bibliography The Characteristics of Money. (2000). (Canadian Foundation for Economic Education, 1994) Retrieved March 14, 2014, from Money: Its Functions and Characteristics: http://www.moneyandyouth.cfee.org/en/resources/pdf/moneyfunct.pdf Money Characteristics. (2000-2014). Retrieved March 14, 2014, from AmosWeb: http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=wpdc=dspk=money+characteristics Money Functions. (2000-2014). Retrieved February 23, 2014, from AmosWEB: http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=wpdc=dspk=money+functions Function of Money. (2013). Retrieved March 08, 2013, from CliffsNotes: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/more-subjects/economics/money-and-banking/functions-of-money Beggs, J. (2014). What is Money? Retrieved February 23, 2014, from About.com: http://economics.about.com/od/money/a/What-Is-Money.htm Freeman, A. (2012, January 12). Economics and Liberty : What is Money? Retrieved February 23, 2014, from WordPress.com: http://economicsandliberty.wordpress.com/what-is-money/ Normanton, R. (n.d.). What Are The 6 Characteristics Of Money? Retrieved March 15, 2014, from Blurtit: http://travel.blurtit.com/1119605/what-are-the-6-characteristics-of-money Rouse. (2011, March 26). Functions and characteristics of money. Retrieved February 24, 2014, from Mr Rouse Online Classroom: http://mrrouse.com/2011/03/26/money/ Rouse, M. (2011, March 26). Mr Rouses Online Classroom. Retrieved March 14, 2014, from Functions and Characteristics of Money: http://mrrouse.com/2011/03/26/money/ Studypoints. (2011, November 21). What are the good qualities of money materials. Retrieved February 24, 2014, from Studypoints: http://studypoints.blogspot.com/2011/11/what-are-qualities-of-good-money_7256.html UPADHYAYA, K. (2012). 4 essential functions of Money. Retrieved January 23, 2014, from http://www.preservearticles.com/201104115268/4-essential-functions-of-money.html

Interest Groups and Political Parties Essay example -- Government Poli

Interest Groups and Political Parties The â€Å"advocacy explosion† in the United States in the 20th century has been caused by the extreme increase in the number of interest groups in the United States. The general public views the increase and the groups themselves as a cancer that has come to the body of American politics and is spreading. The explosion in the number of interest groups and interest group members and finances has had an effect on the decline of the American political party and partisanship, the effect on democracy and the public interest, and the bias that has come with interest group competition. The advocacy explosion is strongly linked to the decline of the American political party and the role of the political parties in elections. As interest groups have gained more power and had a larger control over politics and political goods the power that is exerted by political parties has dwindled. The power of the interest group has grown larger with the amount of members and the financial rewards that have come with the new members. In elections interest groups do not usually participate directly with the candidate or the election. Berry points out that â€Å"Groups often try to leverage their endorsement to obtain support for one of their priorities† (Berry, 53). With interest groups spreading their resources around the actual election can be affected very minimally by the many interest groups that contribute money to the election. However, the candidates who obtain political office through the help of special interest money still owe some sort of loyalty to th e interest group regardless of which party wins the election. This loyalty and the promise of more money in the future gives the elected of... ...the rise of the American public being able to voice there specific opinion about a topic. The rise in the number of interest groups has caused a definite effect on the public interest, and given more power to some groups. Big business has been the most successful at using interest groups to their advantage, however, in the changing political structure other organization will gain prominence and be able to, like big business, get their own view passed into law. The opinion of these groups may or may not be the opinion of the average American voter, but the use of interest groups gives everyone the chance to get the maximum political influence for their dollar. Bibliography Berry, Jeffrey. (1997). The Interest Group Society. New York: Addison Wesley Longman Inc. Schier, Steven. (2000). By Invitation Only. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.

Mark Twains The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn :: Mark Twain Adventures Huck Finn Essays

Mark Twain's "The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn"   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel about a young boy’s coming of age in the Missouri of the mid-1800’s. The main character, Huckleberry Finn, spends much time in the novel floating down the Mississippi River on a raft with a runaway slave named Jim. Before he does so, however, Huck spends some time in the fictional town of St. Petersburg where a number of people attempt to influence him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before the novel begins, Huck Finn has led a life of absolute freedom. His drunken and often missing father has never paid much attention to him; his mother is dead and so, when the novel begins, Huck is not used to following any rules. The book’s opening finds Huck living with the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. Both women are fairly old and are really somewhat incapable of raising a rebellious boy like Huck Finn. Nevertheless, they attempt to make Huck into what they believe will be a better boy. Specifically, they attempt, as Huck says, to "sivilize" him. This process includes making Huck go to school, teaching him various religious facts, and making him act in a way that the women find socially acceptable. Huck, who has never had to follow many rules in his life, finds the demands the women place upon him constraining and the life with them lonely. As a result, soon after he first moves in with them, he runs away. He soon comes back, but, even though he becomes somewhat comfortable with his new life as the months go by, Huck never really enjoys the life of manners, religion, and education that the Widow and her sister impose upon him. Huck believes he will find some freedom with Tom Sawyer. Tom is a boy of Huck’s age who promises Huck and other boys of the town a life of adventure. Huck is eager to join Tom Sawyer’s Gang because he feels that doing so will allow him to escape the somewhat boring life he leads with the Widow Douglas. Unfortunately, such an escape does not occur. Tom Sawyer promises much—robbing stages, murdering and ransoming people, kidnaping beautiful women—but none of this comes to pass. Huck finds out too late that Tom’s adventures are imaginary: that raiding a caravan of "A-rabs" really means terrorizing young children on a Sunday school picnic, that stolen "joolry" is nothing more than turnips or rocks. Huck is disappointed that the adventures Tom promises are not real and so, along with the other members, he resigns from the gang.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another person who tries to get

Danegeld: Survival and Demise Essay examples -- Literature

And that is called paying the Dane-geld; But we've proved it again and again, That if once you have paid him the Dane-geld You never get rid of the Dane.# Poet Rudyard Kipling outlined it best with his poem Dane-geld, first published in 1911. Even though it was written as an allegory for the relations of humanity at large, the specificity of the source demands elucidation in regard to how such a metaphor even came into existence. While no society plans for its own destruction or subjugation intentionally, the realities of such actions are a matter of historical fact. One such instance, and indeed perhaps the most pivotal of all such events for the English-speaking world, is the creation of the Dane-geld in pre-Norman Britain and how the efficiency of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in collecting the national tax led directly to their downfall. There were indeed other factors involved in the success of the Norman Conquest in the latter half of the eleventh century but without this pre-existing, self-sufficient means of funding, which was used to fuel William the Conqueror's military machine in post-1066 campaigns, it is doubtful that the immediate impact of the invasion - the nearly complete replacement of the Anglo-Saxon hierarchy with Norman rulers - and the devastation of northern England, through the genocidal acts of the Harrying of the North, could have been achieved. This essay will outline the process by which the Dane-geld came into existence, its impact on Anglo-Saxon society and its immediate use by Norman invaders in taking this preexisting system and turning it against its creators in order to subjugate and control them in what would prove to be the most important invasion in the western world un... ... Anglo-Saxon England, 500-1087. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1984. Loyn, H. R.. Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest. 2nd ed. London: Longman, 1991. Williams, Ann. Kingship and Government in Pre-Conquest England, c.500-1066. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999. Williams, Ann. The English and the Norman Conquest. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: Boydell Press, 1995. Williams, Ann. The World Before Domesday: The English Aristocracy, 871-1066. London: Continuum, 2008. Primary Sources The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. London: Everyman Press, 1912. Translation by Rev. James Ingram (London, 1823), with additional readings from the translation of Dr. J.A. Giles (London, 1847). Online: http://omacl.org/Anglo/ Dane-geld, A.D. 980-1016. Kipling, Rudyard. First published in 1911. Online: http://www.kipling.org.uk/poems_danegeld.htm

History of Healthcare and Economics

This paper will discuss the history and evolution of healthcare economics and healthcare funding timelines. In the 21st Century healthcare has proven to be one the largest industries world. The healthcare industry has changed dramatically in the last hundred years. As changes and progression are examined, it becomes clearer that healthcare and the economy it has created, is an important part of American life. The way the funds flow in the healthcare system allows financial managers to track the money through the health care system. The initial flow of funds has drastically changed throughout the years. The economics of healthcare, â€Å"the study of how scarce resources are allocated among alternative uses for the care of sickness and the promotion, maintenance and improvement of health, including the study of how healthcare and health-related services, their costs and benefits, and health itself are distributed among individuals and groups in society†, according to The journal of Mental Health Policy and Economy (2006). There are records as early as the turn of twentieth century that show that healthcare providers charged for services including surgeries such as tumor removal, appendectomies and gynecological operations. Services may have been exchanged for items such as livestock, food items, or cotton. The patient or his or her family may have exchanged services for patient care. No form of health care insurance was available; prices were not set by any organization or person. Physicians of the early twentieth century were tradesmen and essentially businessman. Patients paid the full price for the medical services offered by the physician. According to PBS (n. d. ), in the 1910’s some reformers argue that there should be some sort of health insurance. Although the idea seemed to have some support, many physicians and other interest groups did not approve. War World One took place in 1917 and for the moment healthcare reform was put on the back burner. The lack of technology and inadequate health centers raise the amount of cost needed for medical care. The current economic and war state of the country took priority over healthcare reform. General Motors offers life insurance for 180,000 workers through Metropolitan Life. The same time doctors’ wages increased. During the Great Depression, it became apparent that there should be some sort of benefits for individuals as they reached retirement age. Instead of health insurance, the Social Security Act was passed. During the Roosevelt Administration, many reformers pushed for health insurance again, but conflicts within the country once again pushed for health care insurance. Blue Cross started offering private insurance for hospital care in many states even though it was considered a bad idea by many insurance professionals. The timeline from the PBS (n. d. ), website in the 1940’s a radical reformation took place. War World Two wages were capped and controlled on American employers. Companies began offering health benefits to compete with other employers. This idea has sparked the employer-based system that is used by employers today. A Universal Healthcare plan is introduced by President Truman, but is never used. The American Medical Association (AMA) believes the plan is Communist in nature. As the Korean War approached, healthcare reform was once again a low priority. The government established a policy that would make the federal government responsible for sick poor. Many people in 1950’s can no longer afford health care insurance, especially those who do not work. The price of hospital care doubled. President Johnson signs Medicare and Medicaid into law. During the 60’s, more than 700 insurance companies are selling health insurance. During the 1980’s Medicare begins charging insurance by the diagnosis and not the treatment of the patient. Technology, vaccinations, medications, and a rise in hospital expenses raise healthcare costs tremendously. Medicare’s high expenditure rates and rapid inflation of the economy also affected the higher cost of healthcare. Health care has seen many changes over the past years, but all the changes have created the health care system and the economics of the system to this point. As the gross domestic product (GDP) , which is the total market of healthcare, started to increase annually, the private sectors of healthcare, government controlled entities, and insurance companies profit and change policies, which in turn increases the (GDP). An increase in population, aging population and communicable diseases such as Hepatitis, HIV, AIDS, and Tuberculosis has increased the cost of health care even in recent years. Small deductibles, low copayments, and employer-based healthcare insurance have molded the idea in many patients’ minds that the patient should use medical services often to â€Å"get what they pay for. † This has created an imbalance of supply and demand. There are numerous reports that there is a shortage of providers. Rapid training of Physician Assistants and Nurse Practitioners are being educated and trained to help fill the gap of the numerous amounts of patients that need medical attention. The elasticity in health care has forced changes to be made in healthcare billing and insurance. The increased amounts of patients that need medical attention have increased the amount of providers needed. The increased costs of healthcare, technology, research, drugs, and lack of funds available for Medicare have forced a price increase for patients. Many employers find it more difficult to provide costly insurance to employees. Elasticity of services might normally demand a decrease in price, but prices have been inelastic in nature. Elasticity can also have a direct impact on when the government intervenes to set a fair price for services according to Tutor2U (2006). The insurance companies play a huge role in determining the amount of money that is needed for medical care. Supply and demand differ so greatly in the health care community than any other service or industry, making supply and demand a very different story than simply buying milk or a computer. Macroeconomics is the branch of economics that deals with the economy as a whole, such as unemployment rates, deflation and inflation. Microeconomics deals with the insurance companies and other health care related aspects that are affected by the economy fall into a more specific category known as microeconomics. As the whole economy changes, families, patients and individuals must choose to make decisions based on the economy. Healthcare decisions within communities and household are examples of microeconomics. As advances in healthcare are introduced, government regulations are introduced and the economy faces multiple challenges in the future, healthcare will likely see more changes to come.

Pro Immigration Law

The Supply and Demand for Immigration Laws! One of the most controversial political and economical issues facing the United States today is immigration. The rules against illegal immigrants coming into the United States should be stricter along with the number of legal immigrants we allow into the United States lowered. The reason for these stricter laws and smaller amount of foreigners is due to the drastic increase violence due to immigrants, they also bring in a plethora of diseases while increases the cost of health care and degrading health care service. Immigrants whether legal or illegal should be under harsher rules and should be constantly observed. Sister Helen Chaska was walking around in her hometown of Oregon doing missionary work when Maximiliano Esparza—illegal immigrant for Mexico—raped her and then strangled her with her rosary beads (Crime Victims). In another cases three young boy s, two of age 9 and the other age 10, were brutally killed by two illegal immigrants. One of the young boys was beheaded while the other two almost beheaded; the children also suffered from blunt force trauma and asphyxiation (Crime Victims). Immigrants such as Esparaza and the killers of the 3 young boys have no compassion or care for Americans i. e. 9/11. A majority of the violence that occurs in cities is committed by immigrants but once they are caught they are deported back to their country of origin. Once legal immigrants are able to receive their green cards they must be immunized and screen to assure the American government and citizens that they are not bring any diseases over to the USA. Chagas Disease, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis, Swine flu, Leprosy, and Dengue are example of diseases that began in other countries and were bought over to the United States by Immigrants (Engler). In the past 40 years the United States only had 900 cases of Leprosy but it was reported in 2003 that 7,000 people were infected with the disease. Leprosy was first bought over to the United States by illegal from Brazil, Mexico, India and the Caribbean. We also cannot forget the Hepatitis outbreak in Pittsburgh; the outbreak was caused by a Mexican restaurant shipping food from Mexico to United States (Engler). When illegal immigrants come over to the United States they do not care about what type of sickness they could be bringing over to the United States. A majority of Immigrants whom come over are uninsured. Forty-three percent of immigrants that come to the United States under the age of 65 have no health insurance. That equals out to 9. million uninsured immigrants and not including the illegal ones whom are unaccounted for. The cost of medical care for the uninsured immigrants is passed over to taxpaying citizens. Immigrants also use hospitals, clinics and emergency services twice the rate of U. S. born citizens. This causes long lines and over capacity health care faculties which results in the patients being rushed in and out. A California study showed that U. S. tax payer dollars continuously goes to the delivery of babies from illegal alien mothers. In one year 74,987 babies were delivered and it cost the taxpayers around 215 million dollars (Illegal Immigration). We have neglected areas in our economy where taxpayers’ dollars should be spent rather paying for illegal immigrants. The statue of liberty was not built to welcome and greet the worlds’ tired and huddled masses. The actually purpose of the Statue of Liberty was to symbolize the French-American friendship and the underlying political message of America supporting and helping Third Republic of France. Furthermore, the statue of liberty has nothing to do with freely allowing immigrants into the United States (The History). The French initial intent of Lady Liberty is to inspire many culture and countries around the world to emulate the enlightened United States such as the Sculptor of Lady Liberty, Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi, hoped to glorify the United States in the republic of French (The History). The message of the Frederic Bartholdi was not intended to be a welcome mat as many immigrants argue but encourage citizen other countries to admire America. Illegal immigrants are a burden to our country. They blatantly bring in foreign diseases, which could kill of half of our population. When the Immigrants come over here they also commit horrid crimes that are unthinkable in America but are common in their countries. Most of the crime that is actually reported here in the United States is committed by Immigrants. Due to the abundance of immigrants the cost of health care is increasing drastically and the quality of health care is decreasing. Therefore, the U. S. overnment should implement stricter rules and enforcement around our borders and we should decrease the amount of immigrants we allow in the states. Works Cited â€Å"Crime Victims of Illegal Immigrants. † Immigration Human Cost. Web. 14 Nov. 2009. Engler, Robert. â€Å"Immigration And Disease: It’s Enough to Make You Sick. † American Daily. 21 Nov. 2003. Web. 14 Nov. 2009. â€Å"Illegal Immigration and Public Health. † Federation For American Immig ration Reform. Web. 15 Nov. 2009. â€Å"The History of the Statue of Liberty. † The Statue of Liberty- Ellis Island Foundation, Inc. Web. 13 Nov. 2009.

Justin Bieber

Never say Never was one of the most inspirational movies I've ever  seen, and i don't think I'll ever see one that beats it. Every day i hear hateful comments on Justin, things like † He's gay† † He sounds like a girl† † he's so fake† And all this stuff, haters can go ahead and hate, but if you actually took a second too stop the hating, and listen too the words that come out of Justin's mouth, listen too his songs, watch his movie, I promise you'd see him from a whole new perspective. I always thought Justin Bieber was just some hot Canadian that had a good voice, but he's so much more. He's given up so much for his fans, it's unbelievable. He'd rather sing his heart out at a concert then lay down when he's sick, he puts the people he loves first, and that's all that should matter. You cant judge someone by looks, by voice, by one word you hear. To judge someone, you need too get too know them, understand what they've been through, understand all they've given up for others, understand how amazing and loving they truly are. Sometimes I get so upset when people try too talk down on him, and insult him, but they're only ruining themselves, sure maybe a few people think its funny, but that's your opinion, and I bet if you really listened too yourself, you'd be ashamed at how much you put down a kid who's given up tons just for his fans, a kid who lives for the people he loves, a kid who doesn't care what the haters say. He's worked for this his whole life, This is his career, this is his dream, this is his everything. Money doesn't matter, fame doesn't matter, and he doesn't let it get too his head. I've never had an inspiration before.. and You know how Justin inspires Michael Jackson, Usher, and all the others? Well I'm proud too say he inspires me. I have 3 dreams in my lifetime that I know if I hope and pray enough, they can come true. My most important dream is for my dad too quit drinking and fight his cancer and live the rest of his life without having too worry. My second most important dream is for my mom too stop smoking, her mom died in her early 50's from emphazima, and my mom is the most important person in my life, and too see her die when I'm only 13, kills me inside. And my last dream†¦ that I promise too never give up on is too meet Justin, too actually talk too him, keep in touch with him, learn more about how good of a person he is.. And I will never give up on any of my dreams until I reach them, or until there's no chance anymore. I pray for those 3 dreams every night before I go too sleep, and whats ment too be, will be. What happens, happens and sometimes no one can change that. He started out as a normal kid living in Canada, doing all the things normal kids do. He had normal friends, a normal family, a normal life. He gave all that up for this life, for these fans, to do what he loves, too make people happy. People think he just puts on an act for attention†¦ for more fame, but what do you get from that? Nothing, if you be truthful too yourself and give it all you got, you can do anything and that's exactly what Never Say Never is about. A normal kid who knew he could do anything he put his heart too, he's one in a million, he has a gift, and no one, no one  can take that away from him. He has the most amazing fans in the world, I've honestly never seen people so dedicated too a person, so loving towards a person, so caring about a person they've never even gotten the chance too talk too. We'll always be there for him, through whatever, what he does with his life is up too him, and us belieber's will be there with him every step of the way. Once a belieber, always a believer.

Business Law: Man U Break Clause Rooney Essay

‘Manchester united Footballer Wayne Rooney signs new contract worth  £30 million’. Discuss the essentials of such a contract with particular reference to the function and efficacy of the ‘break clause’ and ‘confidentiality agreement’ it contains. 1,500 words. Guidance: You do not have to discuss Wayne’s actual contract; you do have to discuss the essentials of a contract. You must discuss express terms. What is a ‘break clause’? What is a ‘confidentially agreement’? What is the purpose of such clauses? Do they protect the parties to the contract? Do not forget to cite case law. The issue that will be discussed in this essay is the break clause/exemption and confidentiality agreement with regards to Wayne Rooney’s contract with Manchester United. An exemption clause, like any other term, will be incorporated into a contract if it is contained in a signed document; this was shown in the case of L’Estrange v Graucob (1934) where the purchaser of a vending machine was bound by a very wide exemption clause contained in the small print on the order form which she had signed. A break clause is a term in a tenancy agreement that allows a tenant to leave before the tenancy period comes to an end, without incurring any financial penalty. It is not unusual for a contract clause regarding proprietary information to also be included in many types of agreements. Break clauses are inserted as standard in contracts in Spanish football, and are generally related to the total wages the player will earn throughout his contract. The insertion of a break clause gives the player (Rooney) the freedom to move if his valuation is met, but it also protects the club against players who try to force cut-price deals’. In terms of Wayne Rooney and Manchester United FC, ‘Wayne Rooney is thought to have negotiated a break clause in his new five-year contract with Manchester United’ says an article in the Times. The striker can leave for as little as  £30 million if certain targets are not met on a year-by-year basis. Article 17 of the FIFA Transfer Regulations states that players can unilaterally cancel their contract with their club after a certain protected period has expired if an amount of compensation is paid to their original club. For players over the age of 28 the protected period for their contract is two years, meaning they will be able to unilaterally terminate their contract when they are two years into it. This rule applies to footballers under the age of 28. Rooney is 24 and therefore his protected period for contract is three years, meaning he will be able to unilaterally terminate his contract once he is three years into it however Rooney is not bound by this because he has his own break clause within his own contract that allows him to leave at any time if he is offered a minimum of  £30 million. Some contracts have what is known as a confidentiality agreement, this is a written legal contract between an employer and employee. The confidentiality agreement lays out binding terms and conditions of which prohibit Wayne Rooney from disclosing company confidentials on Manchester United. The purpose of a confidentiality contract is that it; creates certainty, establishes a contractual obligation, ensures enforcement and supports a claim under general law because it creates the relationship of confidence that is the basis of many claims and it sets out in detail the conduct which the disclosing party expects from the recipient). A confidentiality agreement is in effect for the duration of an employee’s employment and for a period of time following employment termination of which is the period of 5 years in this case. In the following case by Seager Limited v Copydex Limited [1967] 2 All ER 415, Lord Denning MR established the principle that even if you do not have a confidentiality agreement in place, under equity law a person who has received information in confidence cannot take unfair advantage of it. That person must not make use of it to the prejudice of the person who gave it without obtaining his or her consent. A contract is an agreement between two or more parties. A contract is defined as, an agreement made between two or more persons or entities with specific terms made between two or more persons or companies promising to do something in return for money or money’s worth. A contract begins with an offer. The offer is an expression of willingness to contract on certain terms. It allows the other party to accept the offer and provides the basis of the agreement. To be effective, an offer must be communicated, this is to say that there cannot be acceptance of an offer without knowledge of it. A valid contract requires: an agreement; an intention to create legal relations as shown in the case of Balfour v. Balfour [1919] 2 K.B. 571, here the courts found that both parties must intend that an agreement be legally binding in order to be an enforceable contract; and consideration (unless the Contract is made by deed). Whilst each of these three requirements receives separate treatment, they must in reality be looked at together. The rights and duties of both employers and employees are to be found in the contract of employment, they are referred to as terms of a contract. Some of these terms are express terms; that is they are expressly or specifically stated, either orally, say at the initial interview, or in writing. Express terms include things like pay, hours and holidays. The law states that certain express terms must be put in writing and handed to the employee in the form of a written statement of particulars within 8 weeks of starting work. There are other contractual terms called implied terms. These are not expressly or explicitly stated because, in the main, they are fairly obvious to both parties to the contract of employment. Occasionally the courts will imply a term in a contract of employment where an important term has been left out. Implied terms include statutory rights, such as the right to equal pay and duties such as a duty of care. Each contract clause contained within an agreement is aimed at defining the rights, privileges, and commitments that each party has determined represent the terms govern their working relationship. This is the purpose of such clauses. For example, in this football employment contract, Manchester United agrees to provide Wayne Rooney with a specific set of benefits, such as salary, health insurance, a retirement plan, a football team transfer and any other benefit that both parties have agreed is necessary. At the same time, the contract will contain clauses that determine the range of services that Rooney will provide in exchange for these benefits. The idea is to include as much detail as possible, so that there is very little room for misinterpretation of what is expected of each party.

Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Inequality - Essay Example parison because it takes into consideration the income factor which plays a significant role in dictating the wealth levels of the individual persons. Inequality is interconnected with social class, gender, and ethnicity. For instance, social classes define the person’s opportunities and financial position. This discriminates against people who are in lower classes. In addition, gender is used to deny some people opportunities, an aspect that increases the levels of inequality in the society. For instance, in some societies, people perceive women as weak, thereby not fit to hold high positions. This affects women’s ability to exploit their potential. Lastly, ethnic difference is another major aspect that has brought inequality in the society. Distribution of resources and opportunities are sometimes done based on this element. For instance, people of African origin and Asians find it hard to secure an employment position because of their ethnic background. This increases inequality levels in the society. Inequality is manifested through opportunities and outcomes. People who are poor in the society lack access to critical resources. For instance, they cannot be able to take their school to good schools and healthcare centers. Lack of education by these people’s children makes it hard for them to secure a descent work (Neckerman & Project Muse 2006). This constrains the families’ opportunities to earn a decent source of living. Affording good houses, food, and other basic needs becomes a challenge to these families. Social inequalities are not natural because they can be tackled by administration through equal distribution of resources to all people in the society and supporting the less fortunate. This form of inequality is caused by starting points. For instance, children who are born in family with wealth and assets are likely to gain access to tools of making wealth (Olyan 2011). However, those who are born in less fortunate families find it hard to

Programming MS Excel to freeze panes Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Programming MS Excel to freeze panes - Article Example The same applies to when applying to more than one column. However, to implement freezing panes on the first column, you choose the first column under the freeze submenu. After using the freeze panes, in either case, you remove by selecting unfreeze panes. The purpose of using freezing panes is to maintain your track on cells, and rows or columns of data that you feel are vital when making navigations through the worksheet. Further, it is very vital when working with an extreme number of rows and columns. It is so because irrespective of where you are scrolling, the headings will always be visible thus making it easier to relate where the data belongs. The user is said to remain in perspective with the data concerned. Freezing panes differs from the views in the database. First, freezing panes aims to keep a section of the worksheet visible i.e. keep its state constant to allow the user to relate to other parts of the worksheet especially when there are many columns and rows involved. Views, on the other hand, retrieve information from data store that meets the particular criterion. In essence, database views are more flexible (Lightstone, Teorey & Nadeau, 2007). The results it can return is custom to users needs and covers a wider scope as compared to freezing panes in Excel that has a predefined way of using it. Further, freezing panes is strictly restricted to navigation where some section is mobile while the others are constant whereas views deal with

Consumer behavior Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Consumer behavior - Assignment Example Her decision to buy a specific vehicle was influenced by several important qualities she demanded in a new vehicle. The car had to be safe, extremely fuel efficient, comfortable, with a stellar reputation for safety, reliability and low repair costs among current owners and professionals alike. As a working mother she needs a reliable, fuel efficient and inexpensive to insure vehicle to commute and be able to depend on her vehicle for everyday errands and for fun. After interviewing her and finding what her true wants and needs are we came to the conclusion that her need for a good looking, roomy, reliable vehicle with low operating costs outweighed all other attributes like performance, status or size of the vehicle. In her case the 10 year/100,000 mile power train warranty offered by Hyundai for all their vehicles was the best in the industry and provided the peace of mind and reliability she was after. Today’s customers often seek reliability on the products they buy, but l ike all other major purchases the product has to speak to the customer. Her main concern and true high-level need was â€Å"peace of mind†, having an efficient, comfortable and brand new reliable vehicle he can depend on for work and fun for years to come coupled with the exceptional warranty achieved her goal. The desire and higher-level motivation to being â€Å"in control† and not have to rely on friends or family for transportation weighted heavily on her decision to purchase the Elantra. The always popular and reliable 2012 Toyota Corolla was a close second vehicle which she could afford based on her budget, but the corolla was more expensive similarly equipped and did not provide the same warranty as Hyundai. Another higher-level need which was fulfilled with the purchase of the Hyundai was need for safety and freedom a dependable vehicle provides to the owner. B) Their brands and specific model attributes chosen from Hyundai and Toyota played a major role in dec iding which older Japanese economy vehicle provided the best historical reliability rating, lowest overall investment costs and resale price. C) The marketing department for both Hyundai and Toyota can learn from this example in order to benefit their brands as a whole. Marketing professionals can utilize the gamma of available information from credible professional reviews, long-term consumer and expert tests and long- term reliability ratings and reviews from thousands of owners to better create a true picture of the company and their products and how consumers perceive their brands. Both companies can use consumer data to compile databases which can help provide objective data for comparative and statistical analysis about their products and the competition. Hyundai has made strides forward becoming one of America's favorite car brands and even the automotive giant Toyota can learn a few lessons from an up and coming brand like Hyundai. Marketing managers can also gain insights a bout the public perception of their products, the subjective factors that drive consumer decision making, as well as their overall brand image. In conclusion the brand's historical ratings, reputation, innovation, exceptional value and warranty of their products are the main factors that came into play when deciding to buy a replacement vehicle for this consumer. Whether you are evaluating a brand new 2013 Hyundai Elentra or 2013 Toyota Corolla the same factors come into play when making the

Analysis and design of concrete pavements Research Paper

Analysis and design of concrete pavements - Research Paper Example Concrete pavements are durable surfaces that are laid down on roads and walkways primarily to sustain vehicular or foot traffic. Throughout the history, Concrete has always been as one of the most durable, cheap and reliable materials for conventional pavements found in the highways, streets, airports as well as residential and business parking areas. This is particularly attributed to the various properties of Concrete such as workability, strength and durability. For example, apart from offering the best riding surface, concrete is also widely believed to be economical, durable and sustainable solution for most surfaces (Shackel, 2008) Generally, there are currently two main methods of making concrete pavements namely the slip form and the fixed form paving. In the slipform paving method, machine usually rides on the treads over a particular area to be paved before fresh concrete is deposited on the paved surface. Next, a paving machine is then used to spread, screed and consolidate the concrete into a continuous operation. On the other hand, fixed-form paving involves setting and aligning stationary metal forms on solid foundation and then rigidly staking them. Concrete is then spread using a mechanical spreader before it is consolidated, finished and cured. After putting the finish to the concrete pavements, joints are should be created in order to help control cracking as well as to provide a system of relief for the potential concrete expansion due to moisture or temperature changes. In most cases, joints are usually created by sawing. Lastly, the surface is then textured before the concrete is completely dry in order to provide some form of skid resistance. Thickness of concrete pavements should be designed such that the stress and strains developed is less than allow able measurements gotten from prior performance information. The design of the pavement must keep moisture out of the sub base, capping, and subgrade

Ryan Air case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ryan Air case study - Essay Example This antagonism caused criticism from the industry tarnished the image of the organisation (Using TOWS Matrix, 2009; Case Study). The threat of substitute transportation and the entry of other competitors who could deliver better the gaps that Ryan Air left behind, along with its failure to rectify its weak spots and problematic areas could propel the company to face some serious problems in the future. But then again, the continuous expansion of EU and the burgeoning of the budget sector seeking low cost services provided excellent opportunities for further expansion and rapid growth. Using Porter’s Five Forces, the rivalry within the industry is very high. This is characterized by the number of competitors servicing the same market within EU with easyJet, AirBerlin, Aer Lingus, FlyBe among others not to mention the long haul carriers (Appendix). On the other hand, both the threat of potential entrants and the threat of substitutes are within the medium range. Barrier to entry is high because of the low cost strategy but switching cost of the customers is low. Terrorism threat which required stricter rules in airport which resulted to additional inconveniences could drive customers to switch to trains while the rising popularity of low fuel consumption cars posed as substitute threats to airlines with short haul service (Case Study). The bargaining power of buyers is on the medium scale as switching cost is low. Because of the size of the market, customers could also easily choose which type of service to avail depending on needs and preferences. At the other end, the bargaining power of suppliers’ ranges from medium to high depending on given scenario. It is especially high with regard to fuel suppliers as petroleum prices are dictated by the world market (Hunger and Wheelen, 1996). Ryan Air’s competitive positioning was based on capturing a segment of the market, focusing on it with a strong