Music is not just a sound

Music is not just a sound that we hear but it is also a language used by many people. In early times, music is divided into historical periods. Nowadays, music is considered as an effective way of communication. We can say that music serves as an instrument of expression for artist and also for people who loves music. In that sense, people relate their selves into music as an outlet for them to release their feelings or more so for them to acknowledge whatever feeling they have inside.â€Å"Music as a popular communication and entertainment art is a critical aspect of a culture (Jenkins. 2001).† Music has become one of the most popular topics to talk about not just in any TV show, radio show or even in the internet but also in any conversation among people. To this day, music is considered as an effective way of communication because it caters to different genre.Through this genre caters to different generation of the society. In its context, music is emotional because it expr esses the very feeing of the artist. Some music today is too loud but when we carefully listen and understand the very meaning of its lyrics, we will realize that it has a sense and a feeling too that one can relate.It is also an effective communication because it relates the very meaning of it to the people who listen to it. Through the lyrics, people connect themselves to the music and that’s how communication begins. Nowadays, music is used for therapeutic and healing purposes.It creates a language that helps people to understand through its melody and rhythm. From time to time, we have witnessed how music changes for different generation to generation and how it effectively used as a communication tool in different areas of life. Music is widely used on different areas such as in politics, education, and religion and to different people as well.In politics, music is effectively used as a communication tool to convince people to support a candidate. In education, music is used as a subject or simply as entertainment. In religion, music is used to communicating with the Lord and for praising. For mothers, music is used as a language for their babies and for young adults; music is the very heart and soul of their being. Indeed, music is widely use as an effective tool of communication. Truly, many of us is affected by music because  we as individual elate our self to it. Through music we get inspirations as well as learning that provide us the ability to discover our self and to also release whatever feeling we have inside.Music is indeed emotional because musician relates it to their own self. People as well relate it to themselves that it why we can say that music is an effective communication tool. â€Å"Music has been defined so much that it is really not clear anymore what it is or what can be called music (Kosk).†   Nonetheless, music has provided us different types for different people and culture. We hear music and feel it and there is an invisible line that connects us to music and keeps our spirit alive every time we hear our favorite music.   The ever changing of music from time to time makes it more exciting for music lovers to utilize their own self and relinquish such melody that comes form their heart and soul.While music is important, communication as well is very important. The two link together because music is communication and communication is music as well. We may view it differently but the question on how music is an effective communication tool because it is emotional is simply because it conveys messages and influences people in one way or another. Certainly, music entertains us and provides us the same aspirations in life. We as individual relate our self to music because we are also as emotional as the music.It is clearly present in our society today of how effective communication is as a tool. All over the world, music is also considered as a language of heart and soul to people. Through i ts effect and influence it makes, music is a language that effectively communicates to different people and culture. It is a tool that expresses one’s thought and dreams, a communication tool that provides harmony and rhythm and effectively relates its very meaning to people who listens to it. Definitely, music is part of our daily lives and as important as communication, both provides us the ability to be inspired and developed as an individual through its meaning and intention. Music is effective as a communication tool because it is simply emotional on its own and more so it is a line that speaks for its true sense and that communicates to every human being.Works CitedStewart, Cameron. â€Å"Music Theory For Effective Communication.† StatsSheet.Com Reliable Stats,Tools, and Articles. 26 November 2007 â€Å"Music Therapy.† Answers.com. 26 November 2007 Jenkins, Orville Boyd. â€Å"Music as a Language Learning Medium.† 9 June 2001. Orville JenkinsHome. 2 6 November 2007 â€Å"Using music as a therapy tool to motivate troubled adolescents.† Medscape Today. 26 November2007 Kosk, Kairi. â€Å"Some issues of non-human animal communication. Is there a difference between

Importance of Technology for an English Class Essay

I am a true believer that technology has become part of our daily life, especially when it comes to teaching a Lingua Franca just like the English Language. It is a tool that we as teachers cannot keep isolated; it is there to contribute in the teaching and learning process. However, when talking about teaching English fully online, it may have its advantages as well as its disadvantages. First, I would like to highlight some of the advantages students and teachers may encounter or face when dealing with this type of device. For example, often students work full or part time jobs while going to college so their time is valuable. So these students make some decisions in choosing classes online because these classes give flexibility, so this is convenient for students when not having enough time . In addition, a student can usually take the course any time during the day or week. They can also take the class based on their schedules. Many students work on their course during the middle of the night or early in the morning. The flexibility of the course makes it possible for a person to complete the course, while attending college courses in person might be impossible due to their work schedules. Another great advantage of English online courses is that almost any type of skills can be found online. Distance learning courses are often available from a number of colleges. A person can simply use the Google to find a class. Furthermore, many students enjoy classes on line because they avoid facing the instructor and feel free to ask questions and get answers back almost immediately Online courses are convenient for most undergraduate and graduate students who can study when they want and they can finish writing or researching assignments based on their own personal schedules. The fact is as I mentioned above online courses offer flexibility and convenience that are often vital to students who work and have families. Second, teachers teaching English online have the great advantage of using helpful tools by just clicking on , tools that may help us to keep students interested, motivated and eager to learn. On line teachers have access to so many things that sometimes are not seen in a regular classroom. In many cases, online avoid monotony and the environment is completely different to what we see every single day. I have heard many experiences from teachers and students about teaching online and some of them are good, just a few exceptions . As I mentioned at the beginning, teaching online also has its negative side, for example the lack of supervision, the cost of online courses, which are often expensive. Another disadvantage of online courses is the complete lack of supervision. If a person is not motivated to finish what they start, then it is probably not a good idea to take an online course. While there may be deadlines and expectations from the online course instructor, there is no one there to remind him/her to do the assignments or to take the tests. Besides, a student or teacher who does not have computer or internet skills cannot expect to do well with an online course. A student or teacher taking or giving an online course must have access to a computer. These are two requirements that need to be considered before taking an online course. A large disadvantage in taking online courses is whether they are accepted by other colleges. It is important to check out whether the course will be accepted by others? Who actually offers the course? Does a college offer this course? Another important disadvantage of taking an online course is found in students who have the tendency to procrastinate. Do they procrastinate when it comes to completing their writing assignments? Do they finish their goals? If the answer is yes, then it is probably not a wise idea for them to take an online course. Teaching English online is a great tool for teachers and students who have good skills at computers and internet. For example in our case if we do not have a good command on this , we cannot waste our students` time trying to understand or learn how to use certain tools. That is why we should be prepared for the new modalities in teaching, we have to get updated in order to go at the same speed of our students`. The teaching online demands from teachers and students to have a good computer equipment, as well as good headphones, microphones, etc. for a good development of the class. Finally, everything is possible in teaching it is just a matter of a good preparation to break down the barriers of this century.

Angela Merkel

Prill Challenges of Leadership Leadership Book Analysis Modern World Leaders- Angela Merkel The person chosen for this leadership report is Angela Merkel. I read â€Å"Modern World Leaders-Angela Merkel† written by Clifford W. Mills. Being born in Berlin, with my pride in being German, as well as being a female with my own leadership ambitions, I felt Angela Merkel was a perfect fit for me. Gaining knowledge on the leadership style from one of the most powerful and influential women in the world, while also learning the values and beliefs my country is grounded on, I find Angela Merkel to be extremely interesting leader to study. Angela Merkel (born Angela Dorothea Kasner), was born in Hamburg, Germany on July 17, 1954. Angela was raised in East Germany where she later received Associates degree in 1973. Shortly after, she enrolled to the Karl Marx University where she later met and married Ulrich Merkel. She graduates with a bachelor and continues onto her PhD in Science at the Central institute for Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. By 1986 she received her PhD which is also the same year she goes back to West Germany for the first time since she was baby. It was the many years in West Germany, full of communism and hardships, that taught Merkel how strong and powerful government could be. Merkel was determined to use power to serve the people not use it to control them. Rather than telling them what they wanted hear, she told them what to do to solve the political problem. A scholarly physicist with little to no interest in politics rose to the top of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) known as a conservative, male oriented, traditional political party. I believe the keys to her success include things such as her upbringing along with her passion and ambition. Raised by a minister in communist East Germany, Merkel had an upbringing like no other. A place where the economy was shattered- where resources and goods where lacking. Merkel and her family were always being watched upon by the Statsi. The Statsi was a security intelligence network that consisted of 100,000 full time employees with 300,000 informants recruited to spy on the citizens who might be subversive. Within this environment Merkel learned to keep her real thoughts to herself and keep her private and political world separate in fear of the Statsi. Ambition is an understatement. The fall of the Berlin Wall was the biggest eye opener and life changing event in Merkels life; going from someone who took no particular interest in politics to fighting for freedom and rights, almost over night. The day after Merkel was sworn in as chancellor Merkel wasted no time and made trips around the world meeting up with leaders in hopes to form alliances. Her first stop was Paris where she met with President Jacques Chirac where her goal was to emphasize the importance of their relationship. Next she met with security general Jaap de Hoop of the NATO. The NATO was a alliance between 26 countries where the attack on one country leads to the attack on all countries. Merkel knew how important this alliance was to Germany. Merkel returned home to meet the President of Pohomba of Namibia only to leave soon after to the United States to meet President Bush. Merkel was admired her never ending, ambitious, networking. â€Å"She put her loyalty to truth ahead of loyalty to the party†- Merkel’s put honesty and truth on the top of her values. When German chancellor Helmut Kohl admitted his guilt to receiving illegal claim contributions, Merkel was not scared to condemn Kohl in a public newsletter. Her mentor, the man who started Merkel in politics- in her eyes was now the man who betrayed a trust and should no longer be leader. Her honesty is the way Merkel got people to follow her as a leader. Although some felt she had stabbed Kohl in the back, many Germans praised her honesty. She had proven to the people that truth matters and that she stands behind it. Another time that Merkel wasn’t scared to stand her ground and simply standing up for what’s ethically right was back in high school. In Germany teachers quiet strict and at one point she had a teacher that would punish the entire class if a presentation differed even slightly from what the teacher told them to do. Deep down inside Merkel knew that the students put in extreme effort into the presentations and that this matter was so serious that the students could all be expelled from school. After explaining the situation to her parents, Merkel wrote a petition which she also presented to some GDR officials. Merkels class was saved; the teacher was later disciplined. I characterize her leadership style as one that is based on ethics and morals while also being very direct. She is both task oriented as well as relationship oriented. Merkel focuses on the business task at hand while putting great emphasis relationships and networking†¦ â€Å"I don’t think it make sense to go round and round in circles arguing about this crisis. We have to manage it instead. But that’s something we can only do together with our neighbors, our partners, the big ones and the small ones. I think Germany is destined, partly as a result of its geographic position, to be a mediator and balancing factor. † From this statement I feel as though Merkel is very direct and to the point- there is no point in arguing, let’s do something about it. At the same time Merkel puts emphasis on leader-member relations. Previous chancellor Schroeder was known for his extravagant sleigh rides with Russian President Putin along with an unwillingness to push Putin on difficult issues. Merkel wasn’t taking sleigh rides; she was making a dissimilar statement Based on her position Merkel has legitimate power and usually uses rational persuasion. She has the ability to influence others using something of value giving her reward power. Merkels degree in science gives her expert power and over the years has gained connection power through never ending networking and reciprocity. â€Å"I am, I think, courageous at the decisive moment. But I need a good deal of start-up time, and I try to take as much as possible into consideration beforehand. † Merkel puts a great deal of time studying an issue and pays close attention to detail when making a decision. When looking at a political issue, she looks at all sides and tries to understand it logically. Merkel does not go by â€Å"hunches† but finds out what others think (especially exerts). She studies an issue very carefully and does not make â€Å"right off the back† decisions. While some might of looked at it as inexperienced, Merkels courage stood out at the 2006 G8- Summit. The G8 Summit includes leaders from France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom and the United States, that year taking place in Russia. One thing that was not â€Å"appropriate† during the G8 Summit was to criticize the host. Not only did Merkel question Russia on their electoral system claiming its shortcomings, she also vocalized that she did not want the natural gas from Russia to get disrupted again; she needed energy security for Europe to be assured and secured. Merkel had made headlines and made her mark. Merkel has not groomed a successor but is the successor of Gerhard Schroder. Schroeder was more of a Democrat while Merkel is a Republican. She is an anticommunist that wants there to be a bigger role for private business and less role of the government. Schroeder believed that the government had to be a regulator in businesses and that small changes to policy would bring Germanys level of competiveness up. Compared to her predecessor, Merkel felt government needed to get out of the way of business and that taxes should be simplified possibly with a flat rate. In order to decrease Germanys booming deficit, Schroeder cut social security payments an unemployment benefits. Merkel on the other hand found that increasing the VAT (value added tax) from 16%-18% was more successful. Another major difference between the two was their views on the war. While Schroeder was against the war, he allied himself with France and criticized the Bush administration. Merkel found the war to be dignified and correct- growing up in a country without freedom she knew exactly how precious it was. She explained Germany needed to stop bashing America and that her administration will have friendlier relations with America. A portrait of German princess born Sophie Augusta Fredrika, (later known as Russian empress Catherine the Great) hangs on the wall in Merkels office. Sophie married the 17-year-old grandson of Peter the Great and was crowned Catherine II. Catherine was the longest ruling and most renowned female leader of Russia. The Catherinian Era was sometimes referred to as the Golden Era as she extended Russian territory and reorganized law administration. Catherine led Russia into full participation in the cultural and political life of Europe. In September 2006 Merkel topped the â€Å"World’s Most Powerful Woman† list by Forbes Magazine. Analysts claim her strength was her â€Å"unassuming and tireless networking†. Leaders around the world such as Jacques Chirac, Tony Blair, and Vladimir Putin were all impressed by Merkel winning the admiration of people worldwide. Other awards received by Merkel include: * Vision for Europe award 2006 * Recognition of â€Å"Dama de Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italian† by Italian president 2006 * Honorary doctorate from Hebrew University of Jerusalem 2007 * Chalemagne Prize 2008 * Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany 2008 * Honorary doctorate from University of Technology in Wrolaw (Poland) 2008 * â€Å" â€Å" from University of Cluj-Napoca (Romania) Jawaharlal Nehra Award (India) 2009 * Forbes most powerful women 5 years in a row This assignment has enabled me to see leadership traits and values from the perspective of one of the most powerful and successful women in the World. A political record breaker, who has marked her spot in history by moving Germany out of the recession. I was aware that Angela Merkel was the Chancellor of Germany but I didn’t know what motivated her and the type of person she is and how she leads her country. Her motivation and drives comes from the democratic and controlled life she lived in East Germany giving her the determination of providing German citizens a less controlled, free, and happy life. She grounds her decisions on principal and logic and leads in a direct, assertive manner. Although Merkel dominates German politics I view her more as a leader than a politician. Leaders care about the people they serve while politicians usually care about themselves and their party. APA Style Citations Angela Merkel: The Most Powerful Woman In The World People Stylist Magazine. n. d. ). Stylist. co. uk homepage Stylist Magazine. Retrieved March 11, 2013, from http://www. stylist. co. uk/people/angela-merkel#image-rotator-1 Mills, C. (2008). Angela Merkel. New York: Chelsea House Reddy, V. (n. d. ). German Legend Angela Merkels Success story Posdcorb. Posdcorb. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www. vamsinathmba. com/2012/08/german-lezand-angela-merkels-success. html Smitha, F. E. ( n. d. ). Catherine the Great, Russian Empress. MacroHistory : World History. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www. fsmitha. com/h3/h31-gr6c. htm

Administration and Stakeholders of Health Plans Essay

Administration and Stakeholders of Health Plans - Essay Example The impact of the Act will be felt once its dots and crosses are assessed and also the citizens of the United States begin in a large measure to adopt preventive measures to accelerate good health conditions. The stakeholders of the health plans comprise health insurers, medical product manufacturers, health care providers, consumers, most businesses, and organized labor. Health insurance companies offering wide range of health care plans the customers can choose from are hurriedly incorporating the new changes. One has to wait and see what changes the manufacturers might effect since development on the manufacturers’ side are implemented on the basis of new development in the science field more than in legislations. The target group of customers for the health insurance companies in the United States are those in the middle age groups and professionally independent. The present reforms calls for increased private share in the health related expenditure. Thus, the markets for the health insurance are expected to further open up. The ideal governing structure should have an efficient Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director (CEO and MD) at the top level. The CEO and MD are followed by executive directors for the marketing, finance, sales, risk management, human resources, legal and operations departments. The executive directors, in turn, will have regional managers based on geographical locations. The mission statement of the organization basically covers the long term goals of the organization. The mission statement primarily comprises the ways that will be instrumental in achieving the vision of the company. The mission of the health insurance company includes that of: In the modern world, the customer is the king. The success of the company lies in allowing the customers to have greater access to alternatives. This helps in empowerment of the customers and they find themselves to be the integral part of the organization. The company should have

Exercise in Women with Heart Failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Exercise in Women with Heart Failure - Essay Example A study mentioned by Oka, Demarco & Haskell in 1999 mentioned a study which examined the relationship between observed physical condition, fitness and the levels of activity in 32 men and 8 women. It was observed that higher oxygen uptake occurred with increased self efficacy for stair climbing and increased participation in recreational activity. In the aerobic and resistance acquiring program that was based at home no physical gains were reported in peak oxygen consumption even after the study of 3 months period. But the same studies did not concentrate a maximum on women with HF. Design: The study used a controlled two group experimental method with randomization. Measures were recorded during a 2 week period before the randomization of group Investigators visited homes of the women during randomization. At the end of 12 week period T2 measures were recorded. 32 women participants were made to enter into the study. Half of them were selected in random for combined walking along with education program. The remaining half were selected in random for educatin program only. ... The adherence to the guidelines is 85 percent in first group and 83 percent in the second group. The depression levels were also measured and observed that 40 percent of the women in both the groups observed depression. The main outcome is that the women participated in the walking programs were capable to increase their self efficacy. Those who adhered to the walking guidelines even walked for farther distances in six minute walk test after improved quality of life. But the women with debilitating physical condition did not get that QOL by adhering to walking test guide lines. In another analysis of 52 people who are training trials with a 12 week period demonstrated increase in HDL -C levels. Exercise trial regarding health, risk factors, exercise training and Hereditary study were conducted more carefully. This study even addressed the effect of exercise in persons with lipid problems. 2674 participants with 44 randomized trials were studied and the effect of exercise on resting blood pressure was studied. 1.8mm HG reduction of diastolic blood pressure was observed against 2.4mm Hg reduction which indicates that the exercise will enhance self efficacy. It was observed that the intensity of training, the amount of blood pressure reduction have no relationship between them. This suggests that the dose response curve will be flat if it is plotted between exercise timing for corresponding blood pressure. References: The references were given in the following format Name of the author, year of publication, title, publisher or sponsor, edition information, type of media, date retrieved, website address. In the above mentioned details except website address the other details were given on availability. 1. Author not mentioned, 2006,

Influence and Change in Organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Influence and Change in Organizations - Essay Example The ‘best practices’ primarily suggest clarity of purpose. This implies that the underlying problem needs to be identified – why is change needed and how these surveys could influence change. To implement best practices, the organization must be able to communicate and have a clear understanding with the employees on why the organization is undertaking the 360 degree feedback survey (Wimer & Nowack, 2006). There should be no assumptions that it would inevitably lead to enhanced leadership skills (McCarthy & Garavan, 2007). This necessitates that the entire process must be explicitly explained which could help overcome management resistance. This would also ensure rater receptivity because unless the managers accept the feedback they would not engage in development planning. Beliefs about change influence acceptance and hence perceptions of fairness is essential. Multisource feedback is supposed to limit biases and hence anonymity of some raters may have to be main tained. Anonymous raters tend to be candid and positive and usually provide a higher rating (CCL, 2011). However, who rates who is important and if managers are not receptive to certain raters, the effect of MSF is nullified. Thus while some raters should be anonymous, managers should also be allowed to choose some raters. If they are allowed to choose all the raters biases could creep in. Raters should be selected on the basis of the objective criteria and should be jointly selected by the rater and the rate. This would enhance acceptance and perceptions of fairness. To ensure employee readinesss, organizational culture should be supportive to conduct the 365-degree feedback survey (Morgeson, Mumford & Campion, 2005). If the managers have the confidence in the system and perceive fairness, they would be highly likely to make changes. Specific training interventions could help educate the managers about the process, the intentions and the expected outcome (McCarthy & Garavan, 2007). Rater training may help eliminate errors and also help eliminate cynicism from within the organization as cynicism can reduce the impact of the MSF. Rater training should include, in addition to training in reliable and accurate ratings, discussions on how the survey instrument was created and how the information will be used. Besides, anonymity should be assured through confidentiality (Morgeson, Mumford & Campion, 2005). Confidentiality of the rating process is also important and critical to the success of the process. The recipients or the raters too need to be trained in acceptance of the ratings and on how to handle negative feedback. Morgeson, Mumford and Campion (2005) found that most organizations used the surveys for developmental purposes and that it should categorically not be used to determine salaries. When used for developmental purpose the data is the property of the people being rated while when used for administrative purposes, the organization owns the data. To ac hieve the best results, people should be given control of their own data (Wimer & Nowack, 2006). People will feel empowered if they can choose with whom and to what extent they share their feedback. However, the feedback recipient should have access to a trained feedback giver who has experience with assessment. The recipients should also be provided guidance on how to share data and use it constructively. However, an overwhelming amount of data may

Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Business Management - Essay Example The present discourse is an in-depth evaluation of operations management from a strategic operations management perspective. Hence, establishing a link between operations strategy and corporate strategy will help in analyzing how and what competitive priorities are chosen by organisations. Further, key management functions such as planning, controlling, coordinating, and leadership are applied to operations management. These aspects of operations management are studied taking the example of the Toyota Production System. Operations refer to all the activities performed by an organisation in order to produce products or services. Management of these activities directly related to the production of goods and services is termed as operations management. For example, activities related to banking, transportation, shipping, and manufacturing of goods or products such as automobiles, food items, textiles etc all constitute operations management (Chase Jacobs & Aquilano, 2005). ... roduction, planning and designing production processes of goods and services, and also effective integration of marketing, finance, human resources management and strategy which facilitate the business to enter the market and also compete with both new and existing organisations in the market. In other words, operations management helps the firm to establish itself and also provide operational capabilities that promote its success and sustainability. Operations management involves complex processes that are interdependent; the core processes involve capacity planning, supply management, inventory management, quality and efficiency, technology and systems and human resources management. Theoretical aspects of operations management in manufacturing and service industries constitute a combination of three distinct functions, strategic functions, tactical functions and operational planning and control functions (Chase et al, 2005). The main management functions such as planning, organisi ng, controlling and leadership are applicable to operations management. Main operational processes in operations management include planning, production, purchasing or inventory management, supply chain management, distribution and marketing. All operations functions are strategically aligned to its larger or strategic business goals. Thus, operations functions are designed based on strategic decisions that match the organisational strategies (Heizer & Render, 2008). These strategic decisions are referred to as operations strategies. These strategic decisions define the conditions in which operations will be carried out in short and long terms. Operations strategies are the total pattern of decisions which shape the long-term capabilities of an operation and their contribution to overall

World Trade Organization (CHINA MEASURES RELATED TO THE EXPORTATION OF Essay

World Trade Organization (CHINA MEASURES RELATED TO THE EXPORTATION OF VARIOUS RAW MATERIALS) - Essay Example This paper provides an in-depth discussion on the compatibility of China’s export strategy at hand, with articles of GATT 1994, examining the exceptions set out in Article XX of GATT 1994 and WTO jurisprudence with regard to Article XX of GATT 1994 (WTO 9). Increased transparency and uniformity with regard to the administration of trade regulations, particularly in terms of export restrictions will effectively counter such disputes in the future. The WTO appellate panel issued its report after examining complaints by the European Union, US and Mexico with regard to China’s exportation of certain raw materials. In essence, the panel’s verdict found China’s export restriction regarding its rare earth metals to be in complete violation of China’s WTO commitments. The WTO dispute centered on four forms of export restrictions that China imposed on the exportation of certain raw materials. The raw materials in question encompassed certain forms of bauxite, magnesium, silicon carbide, yellow phosphorus, zinc, manganese, coke and fluorspar. China is notably the chief producer of all the aforementioned raw materials used in the production of common items, as well as products used in the manufacture of technological appliances. The complaints contended that the imposition of export restrictions create scarcity and cause the prices of raw materials to increase within global markets. This means that Chinaâ₠¬â„¢s export restriction of raw materials primarily produced in the country gave the nation’s domestic industry substantial advantage by means of a sufficient supply, as well as low and highly stable prices for the raw materials in question. This form of restriction is, as a matter of fact, in utter contravention of WTO provisions. After China’s concurrence to the WTO, the country agreed to do away with all export taxes or duties with the exception of several products

Organisational Behaviour Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Organisational Behaviour - Research Paper Example It is difficult for any workplace to be without stereotypes. This is because the nature of a workplace has an evaluation aspect, and stereotypes are responses to evaluation (Kray & Shirako 2009). The generalisations arising from stereotyping are usually done to make the decision making process easier, and are not deliberate attempts to make others feel incompetent. Stereotyping thus reduces the effectiveness of organisations. Correct organisational behaviour practices minimize the negative effects of stereotyping in the workplace. The purpose of organisational behaviour, as a field of study, is to make the organisations work with more effectiveness (Robbins & Judge 2013). This research paper will discuss the effects, evidence and applications of stereotyping based on the grouping of age. The issue of age in the workplace is an important aspect for at least three reasons. One, there is a perception in most cultures that the productivity of a person decreases with increasing age. Two, the workforce is aging in many developed countries including Australia, UK and USA. And three, many countries are increasing the retirement age, or completely doing away with the concept of retirement age. The influence of negative stereotype can affect ones performance at work. A case reported by Roberson & Kulik (2007, p.26) describes a situation where older workers have mastered ‘the look’ when they are introduced to persons who feel that they are too old to do work. A fifty seven year old accountant will conclude that a person finds him to be incompetent because of his age with comments such as ‘you had such a young voice on the phone’. A comment similar to the one describe can be concluded to mean that the commenter would have preferred (and was expecting) a younger accountant for one reason or the other. Desmette and Gaillard (2008) report that older workers

Healthcare Information Systems - Hardware and Software Essay - 1

Healthcare Information Systems - Hardware and Software - Essay Example Moreover, patients also have to be physically available at the time of inspection that may be a daunting task for old and weak patients. However, if the disease is diagnosed at the early stages, life of a patient can be saved. Hence, if the same tasks can be performed by incorporating clinical information systems, the quality of curing diseases will improve significantly. Clinical information systems adds value to clinical practices and provide advantages that may also contribute significant factors affecting on a life of a patient. The factors are demonstrated below: Clinical Information Systems provides health care with quality and value Clinical Information Systems eliminates clinical or medical errors Clinical Information Systems eliminates cost associated with health care procedures Clinical Information Systems improves the productivity of administrative staff of hospitals. Clinical Information Systems decreases paperwork and can be accessible via Internet to anywhere on the pla net. Moreover, the cost related to health care is also an emerging problem (Demographics of aging, n.d). For instance, expenditures in the United States will grow to 15.9% for the health care from the GDP of $2.6 trillion by 2010 (Keynote, n.d). The leadership of a global economy has a caterpillar approach, to address the computerized health care systems. Increment is observed over recent years and some steps are taken for the resolution of these issues. Various computerized applications are developed to improving clinical practices in an organization or hospitals. In an organization, computerized clinical practices are vital to handle the clinical procedures on a daily basis in healthcare organizations. These clinical procedures are utilized to promote productivity of an organization equipped with computerized healthcare systems. Moreover, the contribution of a healthcare system is applied, to utilizing resources and modifying activities of the clinical staff by best practice guide lines. Currently, there are complex diagnostic tools for processing medical records, laboratory reports, various forms are available in print form, and there is a requirement of exchanging information between the clinical staff. This is where the role of clinical information systems makes their presence. Electronic Medical/Health Records, Tele consultation and continual medical education are contributing to the healthcare industry. EHR is defined as â€Å"The Electronic Health Record (EHR) is a longitudinal electronic record of patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery setting. Included in this information are patient demographics, progress notes, problems, medications, vital signs, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data and radiology reports† (HIMSS - electronic health record (EHR), n.d). The electronic health and medical records maintain health data of a patient to create an individual set of medical data. The data is maintained in an independent set because healthcare provides gain access of EMR from anywhere to diagnose a patient based on the patient’s health information. Moreover, EMR also facilitates to establish a personalized health plan for a patient. Moreover, EMR improves the health planning and policies at the national level by demonstrating the information and services of people or individuals. In addition, EMR system also facilitates clinical procedures, which are mentioned below: Heath insurance companies access EMR

The Adoption of Electrically Powered Vehicles Essay Example for Free

The Adoption of Electrically Powered Vehicles Essay The non-internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles consists of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), single-fuel all electric vehicles (EV), and fuel cell vehicles (FCV). Earlier attempts at non-ICE vehicles were faced with many challenges resulting in abandonment of research and development. General Motors (GM) discontinued the EV1 electric vehicle after investing about $1 billion in the development. The Toyota RAV 4-EV, which was popular among environmentalist, was discontinued based on sales not high enough to justify production costs. The attention that non-ICE vehicles are receiving is driven by environmental concerns, scarcity of fossil fuel, high gasoline prices and others. The environmental concerns stems from the pollution from carbon dioxide emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels. In 2009, the United States used 19. 6% of the world primary energy consumption and 17. 7% of world carbon dioxide emissions from energy consumption ranking first and second respectively. There is a correlation between the carbon dioxide concentration and the earth’s surface temperature. There is a general increase in global temperature with increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. The high initial cost of the non-ICE vehicles as compared to ICE versions is also an issue. The cost differential is mainly due to the technology, with battery being a major cost driver. For example, in 2009 the cost of Toyota Camry HEV was $26,160 whiles the cost of a comparable ICE version was $20,445. The price of gasoline in the U. S. is relatively cheap, thus affecting the adoption of the non-ICE vehicles. In 2008, the average retail price of gasoline in the U. S. was $3. 25 per gallon, with 14% as tax component. In the same year, the average price of gasoline in the UK, Germany, and France were $7. 53, $7. 72, and $7. 53 with tax components of 161%, 170%, and 154% respectively. The movement from ICE powered vehicles to the non-ICE powered vehicles was due to signs of oil shortages and air quality concerns. The government responded with the Clean Air Act in 1970 requiring cars to have catalytic converters to reduce pollutants. Other government intervention placing restriction on vehicle emission standards forced the industry to launch research and development projects in battery powered electric vehicles. There are four major non- ICE design concepts, which are as follows: ? ? ? ? HEV, the use of on board electricity and gasoline to move the vehicle PHEV, the use of on board electricity and gasoline to move the vehicle and also ability to plug into an external power outlet to recharge the battery. EV, the use of only electricity to move the vehicle and also ability to plug into an external power outlet to recharge the battery. FCV, the use stacks of electrodes and electrolytes that generates electricity to move vehicle Page 1 of 2 The non-ICE vehicle market has gone through rough times in shaping the current, HEV, PHEV, EV, and FCVs. The HEV, PHEV, and EV are different products but share some commonality by way of infrastructural needs. However, FCVs appear to have a lower rate for adoption due to cost involved in providing the necessary infrastructure. The approximate cost of providing installed fuel station for the FCV is $50,000. The comparable cost for the electric plug-in station is $3,000 to $6,000. Automobile companies need to continue investing in research and development in the non-ICE vehicles. It is their interest to improve fuel efficiency well above the standards set by government imposed Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. A particular attention to improving the range of the vehicle is required. The range of the vehicle is the distance of travel per charge and or full tank of gas. The miles per gallon (MPG) is another attribute which is interrelated to the range. The sales figures provided shows that in November 2009, Toyota Prius had 49. 7% of the total 19,334 HEVs sold in the US. Toyota Prius also happen to be the HEV with the highest miles per gallon (MPG) rating at 50. This clearly indicates that the mileage rating is an important attribute of the HEV. Consider reducing the cost premium on the vehicles and articulating the long-term savings in non-ICE vehicle ownership. The survey response regarding the likelihood of buying a PHEV with fuel savings of 75% shows a steep decline in chances of buying with increasing cost premium. Develop vehicle for specific driving need by providing different cost options, guided by customer segmentation by driving mission. The high cost of the initial purchase will be addressed by focusing on providing options due to driving needs of the customer. This can be addressed by having different range points which will typically imply reducing the battery packs in the vehicle. Therefore, the price per vehicle can be reduced per specific need. The FCV appears to have a very low possibility of success, hence its research and investment funds will be reallocated. Partner with government, competitors, and other stakeholders to develop the infrastructure to support main stream adoption. The major cost driver to the non-ICE vehicles is the battery. Therefore by scaling down the cost by driving needs, a prospect with a shorter commute distance can opt for a less costly version of a model with just the right mix. With 2. 28 vehicles per household in the US, it expected that household will consider having a non-ICE vehicle in the mix for shorter commute and errands. To discontinue non-promising project will free up human resource and money to be used to improve other investments. The freed up resource will support an increase in marketing related plan and implementation. Together with other government and other stakeholders, incentives will be sought to encourage non-ICE adoption by citing environmental challenges to the country in specific and the earth in general. These strategies overall will improve early the adoption of Electrically Powered Vehicles in the U. S.

Commentary on John Keatss Poems Essay Example for Free

Commentary on John Keatss Poems Essay O golden-tongued Romance with serene lute! Fair plumed Syren! Queen of far away! Leave melodizing on this wintry day, Shut up thine olden pages, and be mute: Adieu! for once again the fierce dispute, Betwixt damnation and impassiond clay Must I burn through; once more humbly assay The bitter-sweet of this Shakespearian fruit. Chief Poet! and ye clouds of Albion, Begetters of our deep eternal theme, When through the old oak forest I am gone, Let me not wander in a barren dream, But when I am consumed in the fire, Give me new Phoenix wings to fly at my desire. COMMENTARY : The poem under study was written in 1818 after the completion of John Keatss 4,000-line poem Endymion. We are facing a traditional and fixed form of poem as Sitting Down to Read King Lear Once Again is an Elizabethan sonnet  composed of fourteen lines which are divided up into three quatrains, that is four-line stanzas, and a final couplet -or two lines of verse. The rhyming pattern is abba, cddc, efef, gg as, notably Lute (l.1) rhymes with mute (l.4), far-away (l.2) with day (l.3) and dispute (l.5) with fruit (l.8). Moreover, the lines are iambic pentameters since they contain five iambic feet for instance : _ / _ / _ / _ / _ / O Gol/den-tongued /Romance, /with se/rene Lute! Like most of Keatss poems, this text deals with the speakers encounter with something which incites him to meditate and alters significantly his vision of life. It is the perusal of King Lear written by William Shakespeare in 1605 which affects him this time and this is not a first reading judging by the presence of Once Again in the title. Keats was a great admirer of Shakespeare. The theme of death, which is one of Keatss main concerns, is latent in the poem. This sonnets thought can be divided into four parts. Firstly, chivalric romances are praised and put aside. Secondly, the effects they provoke are contrasted with those engendered by the reading of King Lear. Thirdly, the speaker begs Shakespeare and heaven , his sources of inspiration, to help him. Finally, he compares himself to the Phoenix, which has the power to be immortal. To begin with, the first quatrain opens with the interjection O which is by definition used to express strong feelings. Indeed, the poem is charged with lyricism, the two exclamation marks contributing to it among other things. In this way, we are conscious from the beginning that the speaker s rereading of Shakespeares tragedy makes him profoundly react. Then, the term Romance refers to medieval romance, a form of narrative which developed in the 12th century and related tales of chivalry and courtly love. Its heroes were idealized and the plot often contained  miraculous or supernatural elements such as dragons or monsters fighting for the sake of the heroine. The adjective which qualifies this genre of literature, that is Golden-tongued, means that it is wonderfully narrated. Besides, it can be paralleled with the realms of gold Keats refers to in the same first line of the sonnet Upon First Looking into Chapmans Homer, the phrase being there a metaphor for books he highly values. Next, the lute is a stringed instrument, whose music acts as an enchantment on readers and leads them to sweet thoughts. This first line is basically an apostrophe since the speaker directly addresses Golden-tongued Romance thus personifying it. The Fair plumed Syren is praised as well, the poet considering her a royal person -a Queen- who melodiz[es] (l.3). She is also present in the romance in question. A siren, in Greek mythology, is one of the three sea nymphs, usually represented with the head of a woman and the body of a bird. They inhabited an island surrounded by dangerous rocks and sang so enchantingly that all who heard were drawn near or shipwrecked. The tune produced by the lute can be compared to the bewitching one sang by the siren which irresistibly attracts the poet to like this kind of literature. But, the lexical field of pleasure including serene Lute, Fair plumed Syren and melodizing among other things is contrasted with more negative phrases such as wintry day, Shut up and mute. This indicates that the poet is willing to wander from the sweet thoughts these readings generate, the Golden-tongued Romance being a synecdote for chivalric romances in general. Moreover, the personification process is extended on line 4 since Golden-tongued Romance is addressed as though it was endowed with life and speech. Indeed, thine () Pages are the books. Moreover, the siren is used as a metonymy for the narrative insofar as the poet combines the two on line 4, the predicates Shut up and be mute referring to the nymph. Finally, the adjective olden alludes to this literatures ancient existence. In short, this first quatrain deals with the poets liking for medieval romances insisting on their enchanting power. Nevertheless, the latter wishes to dismiss them from his mind. And prosopopeia is aimed at showing that he is deeply affected by his rereading of King Lear. The second stanza is going to contrast images of beauty with what Shakespeares tragedy displays. Next, the second quatrain begins with the poet bidding farewell to pleasant meditations. But, we should first and foremost put this sonnet back in its context. We can easily presume that it is autobiographic, thus that Keats reveals us his own worries. In 1818, he is aware that he has short time left to live due to the fatal illness he is suffering from, that is tuberculosis. Moreover, we have already realized that he is scared of death, particularly in his When I have fears that I may cease to be. In the second stanza, the lexical field of hell is present through fierce, damnation and burn through. And the predicate burn through must be taken both literally and figuratively. On the one hand, it hints at Keatss future death. On the other, it indicates his agitation facing antagonistic directions as he is torn between hellish visions and sweeter meditations, designated by damnation versus impassiond clay. So, damnation is a metaphor for the thoughts the reading of King Lear provokes while impassiond clay refers to those generated by chivalric romances. The word clay probably makes reference to the Bible as the sacred book states that God made the human body with this material. So, it symbolizes fecundity and regeneration in other words life. Thus, it is tempting to infer that romances allow the poet to escape from reality whereas King Lears tragic fate reminds him of his bad condition. The second part of the quatrain deals with the poets will to concentrate on  Shaksperean fruit in other words on King Lear itself. While the first stanza introduced his liking for romances, this one gradually leads us to the subject of the poem i.e. the feelings and thoughts the reading of the tragedy trigger. King Lear is quite a sad story as it deals among other things with consequences of the fatal mistake the eponymous character makes at retirement as he divides his kingdom between two of his daughters Goneril and Regan thinking that the youngest Cordelia is the one who loves him the least. Once he realizes that his trusted girls intend to drive him away, he leaves them. Cordelia, disowned, became Queen of France. She is informed of the situation and lands on her fathers old kingdom with an army to fight the other girls. The play ends in a disaster since Goneril, ashamed because unmasked by her husband, who had not known how wicked his wife was, suicides herself after having poisoned her sister Regan, out of a spirit of jealousy. And Cordelia, defeated by her sisters, is hung in prison. Lear dies last, his dear daughter in his arms. The adjective bitter-sweet (l.8) hints at both the pleasure the speaker takes rereading the story and aforementioned sad thoughts. The death of the characters actually reminds him he is to die soon. To summarize, literature acts as a catalyst on Keats since it makes him meditate. And between the images of beauty romances trigger and the unhappy thoughts King Lear provokes, he finally chooses to concentrate on Shakespeare. The reasons of this choice are going to be given in the third stanza. The third quatrain begins in the same way as the second, with an exclamation. Chief Poet! is a characteristic attributed to Shakespeare. In fact, the speaker aims at emphasizing his admiration for the playwright. Then, Albion is the name given by elders to Great Britain because of its white cliffs -in Latin albus means white. This is also where King Lear takes place. And a theme, in a work of literature is an idea that the writer develops or  repeats. If we take into account this definition, Chief Poet! and ye clouds of Albion, Begetters of our deep eternal theme! may mean that Shakespeare and Great Britain are the poets inexhaustible inspiration. Next, the speaker identifies with Lear on line 11. When the latter realizes that what Goneril and Regan really want is to chase him away, he leaves. It is a wild and stormy night and he wanders about the fields half mad with misery. So, lines 11 and 12 allude to that very episode in the tragedy. This is an instance of intertextuality. In addition, we can perceive the presence of heaven in this stanza. First, the phrase clouds of Albion reminds us of that biblical place which is usually imagined as being high up in the sky. And spirits walking on clouds are often pictured. Moreover, the fact that Great Britain is named Albion because of its white cliffs conveys the idea of a bridge between earth and heaven or life and death. Next, the old oak forest is highly symbolical. In many traditions, the oak is a sacred tree which is vested with privileges of heavens supreme divinity. It is also considered as an intermediary between earth where it puts its roots and the vault of the sky that it touches with its top. That is probably due to its majestic appearance and because it attracts lightning. So, the oak forest can be regarded as a sacred and secluded place, in other words as a kind of sanctuary in which the poet roams waiting for his impending death. Personification is also used as the subject of the predicate Let me not wander in a barren dream is not only Chief Poet but also clouds of Albion. Keatss fear to die is perceived in that line and begging the deceased playwright to save him is a way of highlighting his sacredness. Let us remind of Keatss admiration for Shakespeare. Therefore, the Elizabethan writer and heavens importance are dealt with. They are the source of the speakers inspiration and his saviour. The final couplet is about the poets yearning to be reincarnated. Lastly, the legend of the Phoenix is introduced. In ancient Greek and Egyptian mythology, it is a bird. When it felt its death approaching -every 500 or 1461 years-, it would build a nest of aromatic wood, set it on fire and was consumed by the flames. When it was burned, a new phoenix sprang forth from the pyre. In these two lines, the poet compares himself to the mythical bird endowing himself with the same powers as its own, that is those of resurrection and immortality. Indeed, he is tormented by his impending death and yearns to be immortal, what he achieves in a way since 175 years after his death, he is still much read, valued and studied in universities. To conclude, it is pensive introspection in the form of lyric poetry on a young mans impending death. We are made aware of Keatss visionary experience rereading King Lear. His liking for romances is highlighted nevertheless he chooses to concentrate on Shakespeares masterpiece as it makes him think about his worries. Indeed, literature acts as a catalyst for meditation. Finally, we focus on the poets fear of death and yearning for immortality.

Human Lymphocytes Exposed to Co Irradiations and I Decays

Human Lymphocytes Exposed to Co Irradiations and I Decays Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1. Microdosimetry Problem statement Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging use unsealed radionuclides for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. In targeted radiotherapy, the aim is to address tumor cells using suitable radiopharmaceuticals and achieve a high dose deposition inside the target structures. â€Å"Macrodosimetry† generally entails estimating the dose effect in organs (or dimensions of at least some millimeters) and is outlined in detail by the Medical Internal Dose (MIRD) Committee, the U.S. Society of Nuclear Medicine and the International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) [1]. Microdosimetry therefore entails estimating the dose absorbed in microscopic objects such as cells. Dose deposition in cells can originate from extracellular media, intracellular uptake in a single cell and from surrounding cells. As an alternative to characteristic photon emissions,radionuclides decaying by electron capture or internal conversionmay undergo a process known as the Auger effect. In the Auger effect, an electron from an outer shell fills the lower electron vacancy, but the energy released in the process is transferred to another orbital electron. This electron is then emitted from the atom instead of a characteristic X-ray [2]. The emitted electron is called an Auger electron,with ranges in tissue typically at the micro- or nanometer level [3].Their unique property of depositing significant amounts of energy in minute volumes around the decay site opens up the possibility of using them as microscopic probes to study fundamental questions regarding the interaction of radiation with cells. 123I is used mainly in nuclear medicine because of its ideal ÃŽ ³-ray energy (159 keV) and relatively short half-life (13.2 h). The decay of 123I is, however, also associated with the production of Auger electrons. These low energy particles (4]. Knowledge of the absorbed dose is required for evaluation of the observed biological effects and to predict or compare the effectiveness of different radiation modalities. However, direct dose measurements in cells are impossible due to the small cellular dimensions [5]. According to the stochastic character of all of the decay processes, a large number of pathways exist by means of which a radioactive particle can decay and the excited atom can de-excite, i.e. each initial inner shell vacancy may cause a different number of Auger electrons to be emitted resulting in a more or less broad distribution of differently charged ions. Because these electron transitions and particle interactions are random processes, the Monte Carlo technique is an appropriate tool for the simulation of Auger emissions and electron spectra, as well as a feasible method to obtain correct absorbed dose values under consideration of all irradiation aspects like geometry and activity distributions [5],[6], [7]. Bingham et al. found that the dose delivered to the cell nucleus is underestimated by a factor of 7.4 for 123I in cells with nuclear radius of 4 ÃŽ ¼m and cell radius of 12 ÃŽ ¼m when compared to conventional electron dosimetry, indicating the need of developing dosimetr ic calculations for electrons emission at a cellular level [8]. Geant4 is an open source Monte Carlo (MC) toolkit, based on object orientated programming rules using the C++ language, which provides functions for simulating the passage of particles through matter [9]. The code is freely downloadable from the Geant4 web site. Detailed descriptions of the toolkit design and the physical fundamentals may be found in the â€Å"Geant4 User’s Guide for Application Developers† and the â€Å"Physics Reference Manual† [10], [11]. Besides the fact that it is entirely open-source and freely available to all users, the main advantage of this toolkit is its openness to modification and extensions. Originally Geant4 comes from high-energy physics but it also provides low-energy physics processes necessary for medical applications. Users may construct stand-alone applications or applications built upon another object-oriented framework. In either case the toolkit offers support from the initial problem definition to the production of results and graphics for publication. At the heart of Geant4 is an abundant set of physics models to handle the interactions of particles with matter across a very wide energy range. Data and expertise have been drawn from many sources around the world,and in this respect Geant4 acts as a repository which incorporates a large part of all that is known about particle interactions[12]. All aspects of the simulation process have been included in the toolkit: the geometry of the system, the materials involved,the fundamental particles of interest, the generation of primary events, the tracking of particles through materials and electromagnetic fields, t he physics processes governing particle interactions, the response of sensitive detector components, the generation of event data,the storage of events and tracks, the visualization of the detector and particle trajectories, and the capture and analysis of simulation data at different levels of detail and refinement. 1.2. Objectives Aims The level of biological effects of certain radiations is not always directly proportional to the dose they impart. Since the delivered dose on a cellular level is not directly measurable using current instrumentation, scientists and physicians have developed correlations between the biological response and the exposed dose through experiment and theory of atomic physics. An alternative method of predicting the delivered dose in a cell is by using Monte Carlo simulations. These simulations however, have to describe the biological composition and geometries of the material as accurately as possible, as well as the interactions of different particles with the material and can therefore result in complex codes and extremely long computation times. In our study, the aim was to determine (through experiments and using Monte Carlo simulations) the relative biological effectiveness[1] (RBE) of isolated and stimulated human lymphocytes exposed to 60Co irradiations and 123I decays. The first phase of experiments was the exposure of 3 different types of cellsto a 60Co-teletherapy unit. The proposed cell lines were: human lymphocytes, rat brain endothelial cells(bEND5, a cell with high radiosensitivity) andChinese hamster ovarian cells (CHO-K1, a cell with low radiosensitivity). The cells were exposed to graded doses of 60Co ÃŽ ³-radiation, after which they were cultured and the micronuclei formations in binucleated cells were used to analyze the effects of ÃŽ ³-radiation on the cell types. The second phase of experiments was the exposure of a known number of isolated and stimulatedhuman lymphocytes to certain activities of 123I for a discrete amount of time. The thymidine analogue 5-[123I]-iodo-2-deoxyuridine (123IUdR) was prepared and used to incorporate123I into theDNA of human lymphocytes. This was done such that the radionuclide could be transported across the cell and nuclear membrane to permit the deposition of Auger and Coster-Kronigelectrons in close proximity to cellular DNA. After exposure, the samples werecultured to express residual radiation damage. The cellular damage was quantified by numerating the micronuclei (MNi) frequency in binucleated (BN) cells.The experiments were done at iThemba LABS under the supervision and guidance of Prof. Slabbert and Philip Beukes. The experimental work followed the same approach as that of Slabbert, et al[13]. In the study they focused on the targeting and accumulation of 123I in human lymphocytes and CHO-K1 (a Chinese hamster ovary cell line). They found that the combined effect of intracellular and extracellular disintegrations of 123I is about 3.7 times more potent to lymphocytes compared to when the disintegration of the radionuclide is restricted to only the extracellular medium, among other results. It was concluded that this enhancement is due to the short range Auger electrons emitted by the isotope. Next, we wished to recreate the above experiments through Monte Carlo simulations and thereby determine as accurately as possible the absorbed energy and dose due to the irradiations,specifically the energy and dose deposited by Auger electrons produced during the decay of 123I. We will make use of a Monte Carlo based simulation code Geant4. The code must be mastered and used to simulate the scenarios mentioned above. We attempted to simulate the above 60Co exposures. This simulation was an investigation into the irradiation of a macroscopic volume by a radioactive source. The geometry was set up to replicate the experimental setup with regards to the source location and type, collimation, build-up and backscatter, the Petri dish and cellular media. The individual cells were not used as detectors, only the effective volume in the Petri dish. The energy and the dose deposited by the 60Co source (ÃŽ ³-rays, primary and secondary electrons) was then quantified by the Monte Carlo simulation. Our main endeavor was to simulate the energy deposition from the decay of 123I within a cell using Geant4. Basically, a geometry representing a biologicalcell (with the same density, etc. as the proposed lymphocytes) was created as a detector to measure the dose, energy and particles traversing it due to a radionuclide prone to emit Auger electrons, i.e. 123I. A similar simulation was performed by Bousis, et al (2012), using their in-house Monte Carlo code [14]. More advanced simulations are the calculation of DNA strand breaks due to direct and indirect effects of Auger electrons as was demonstrated by Raisali, et al (2013), which werehowever not attempted in this investigation [15], [16], [17]. Furthermore, an empirical formula relating the activity(and consequently the absorbed dose) to the biological response was determined. The curveswere compared to other dose-response curves from literature, thereby indicating if the simulations are a viable option for predicting accurate dose depositions. We could then calculate the RBE values from our dose-response curves and compare them to values available in literature. Finally, we aimed to determine the accuracy and feasibility of Geant4 as a simulation toolkit for medical and radiobiological purposes. To this end we considered the practicality, effort and time spent using Geant4, as well as by the comparison of RBE values and dose-response curves. Geant4 is an advanced, extensive and comprehensive simulation toolkit. Its advantage over similar packages with regards to availability, artistic and geometric freedom, physics models and materials libraries and openness to modification are undeniable. It is a very powerful simulation toolkit and can be used in a large number of areas of expertise as is shown by the examples supplied alongside the toolkit. [1]RBE values indicate the effectiveness of two radiation qualities to produce a certain biological response.

literature :: essays research papers

Literature Based Instruction This article is part of a series drawn from work in the Handbook of Reading Research: Volume III (Kamil, Mosenthal, Pearson, & Barr, 2000). My reasoning for choosing this article is simple; I like to read to children and to tell them stories. I think we can make reading much more interesting if we get away from the Basal Readers and introduce children to all forms of literary works. *Literature-Based Instruction: A Rationale Definitions of literature-based instruction emphasize the use of high-quality literary works as the core instructional materials used to support literacy development A guiding principle of the literature-based perspective is that literacy acquisition occurs in a book-rich context where there is an abundance of purposeful communication and meaning is socially constructed. Literary works in such contexts include a wide range of materials: picture books, big books, predictable books, folk tales, fables, myths, fantasy, science fiction, poetry, contemporary realistic fiction, historical fiction, nonfiction informational books, and biographies. *Reading to young children has always been the most common practice for implementing literature-based instruction in preschool and primary classrooms. Anecdotes and observations drawn from case studies of children who have been read to frequently have described behaviors associated with early literacy development These cases demonstrate that young children who have been read to frequently know how to handle books and can identify the front of a book, the print to be read, and the appropriate direction for reading the print. How many times do we see older students with books that have not been taken care? How many times do we see young people sitting in a quiet spot just reading a book for enjoyment? If you could go back and check, you would probably find out that they were not read to as young children. Reading stories is not a magical activity for literacy development; it is the quality of the interaction that occurs during reading that results in positive effects, rather than just the storybook reading itself. The article states â€Å"that storybook reading sessions in classrooms are often not of sufficient quality to engage students fully and to maximize literacy growth. Reading stories as an act in itself does not necessarily promote literacy; attitudes and interaction enhance the potential of the read-aloud event for promoting literacy development.

The Correct Response to Abortion :: Persuasive Essay, Argumentative

The Correct Response to Abortion    Psalm 139 has often been noted as a beautiful expression of the value of human life. Taken as a whole, it is a prayer reflecting on God's intimate knowledge of who we are - a knowledge stretching to the moment we were conceived in the womb and before. The theme of continuity is striking. Notice how the author uses personal pronouns with reference to himself both before and after his birth. Past (v.1), present (vv.2-3), future (v.10), and the pre-natal stage as well (v.13). The psalmist is clearly aware of no discontinuity in his existence. He was, is, and will be the same person...again both during his pre-natal and post-natal life.    Recognizing this, how should we respond to those who would advocate aborting such a life? It's at this point we need to read a little further through Psalm 139 and take a look at vv.19-24. As always, God's Word tells us not only what is right, but also how to do the right thing in the right way. Reflecting on what we've seen so far, the psalmist finds himself filled anew with a zeal for this God who knows him so completely. And he then turns this zeal both to those around him as well as towards himself.    As the psalmist looks at others around him, he recognizes that not everyone responds to God with faith and love. Some respond with blasphemy and hate. And this leads him to use some strikingly harsh language...words that really take us back (READ v.22). How ought we to understand such words? And is it ever appropriate for us to say the same thing? Well, in order to answer these questions, we need to clear some things up...    Who are the people being cursed? (READ v.19a and b) How are they characterized? (READ v.20a and b, v.21a and b) So what then are the curses? We need to recognize that in Hebrew poetry, we often find the usage of vivid and graphic language. Used here, it is not intended to be expressions of a desire for personal vengeance. Rather, the psalmist is filled with moral indignation and a desire for God to exercise justice.    So in terms of application, we need to remember that these words are the prayer of the psalmist, not actions he carries out.

Women in Homers The Odyssey Essay -- essays research papers

Homer's The Odyssey Women are important to the plot and overall theme of the Odyssey. In fact, without many of the women there would not be a complex plot to this epic poem. In the narrative and in Greek society women played a variety of roles, as mothers, herons, and many other strong roles yet, they were treated as less significant, and were made to be loyal and submissive to men. The women were required to wait on and sulk for love, as Penelope did for 20 years. In Greek society, the women had very little authority but the little control that they did have was sort of a sexual power, which at times they could use to outwit the men. Obvious examples of this sexual power would be Circe and Calypso. Calypso and Circe however, are not the only examples of women from the text that used this mystifying power. The beautiful nymph Calypso and beautiful witch-goddess Circe had super natural powers, which they each used to make Odysseus their love slave. Calypso had captured Odysseus and taken him to her island, Ogygia, where they had an affair for a while. She used her beauty and she seduced him to control him. Circe used what we would call the â€Å"puppy dog† allure to get Odysseus to have mercy on her and eventually she seduced him in chapter ten. He and his men lived with her for a year. The Sirens, enchanted Odysseus with their singing, their songs put him in a trance, they had this sultry spell-casting power. Throughout the tale, Penelope uses her feminine charm to subtly lead t...

Business Law Essay

Bai 1 : Business Law: 40. Principle of Law: In this case, Esposito hired Excel Construction Company to repair a porch roof. All terms of the agreement were specified in a written contract. And the dispute occurred when Excel had repaired the rear porch roof because in the agreement failed to specify whether it was the front or rear porch that needed repair. Under civil law, two parties here had signed a civil contract in writing. Because the contract failed to specify clearly front or rear porch roof, Excel completed its obligation and didn’t break the contract. Decision: Esposito had to pay $62.5 to Excel 41. Principle of Law: The bargain between the nephew and his uncle is an oral contract, therefore the nephew’s promise to avoid drinking, using tobacco, swearing, and playing cards and billiards for money until he became 21 legal consideration. However, in order to get the money, the nephew had to give the evidence of his bargain with his uncle, and his uncle’s acknowledgement that he practiced his part in the bargain. Decision: The nephew needs to give evidence of his oral bargain with his uncle so that he can get the amount of $5,000. 43. Principle of Law: In this case, Grogan, a marketing consultant, was hired by Kreger Bottling Company to conduct market research into the taste preferences of consumers in a major city. This is his obligation in the labor contract between Grogan and Kreger. His additional task of analyzing the appeal of various shapes of bottles that Kreger was considering for a new line of soft drinks was not included in the contract. Therefore Grogan had the right of claim his bill from Kreger, and Kreger had to clear his bill for the taste test. Decision: Kreger had to clear Grogan’s bill for the taste test. 35. Principle of Law: According to the bidding law, here Pote is the seller in bidding for Fletcher-Harlee Corp and has some obligations follows: 1) pre-solicitation sales activities, 2) getting qualified, 3) reviewing the RFP in light of all available intelligence, 4) deciding to bid or not to bid, 5) being fully responsive to the proposal, 6) differentiating its offer from competitors, 7) accurately to estimate cost, and 8) effectively sell the job in the post-quote period. Therefore, Pote had to estimate all costs before submitting its written price quotation for concrete and its quotation was unable to be for informational purposes. Decision: Pote’s bid didn’t constitute a valid offer. 36. Principle of Law: The transaction between Browne and Houlihan was just under negotiation process and not form the contract. Browne did not acknowledge Houlihan’s e-mail and did not reply to accept Houlihan’s request, so he sold the television set to another. Houlihan then purchased a new set more expensive than Browne’s set. Both of them didn’t break the contract because there’s no contract between them. Therefore Houlihan had no legal basis to sue Browne for $1,000. Decision: Houlihan and Browne didn’t have a valid contract, and Houlihan will be unable to recover $1,000 from Browne. 37. Principle of Law: The contract is an agreement agreed among parties. If there’s any changes related to the contract, all parties in the contract had to be informed and agree changes. However, in this case McGurn crossed out the number 12, replaced it with the number 24 without informing Bell about this and signed the contract. Bell didn’t acknowledge the change that had been made to the contract. If there’s any dispute raised from this contract, Bell can refuse its obligation with the reason that the contract is not valid. Actually, the fact that Bell didn’t acknowledge the change can’t happen because all parties in the contract has to check very carefully before performing the contract. Decision: Bell’s silence as to McGurn’s counteroffer didn’t amount to an acceptance. 38. Principle of Law: In this case, Sanderson Mart promised to sell 100 Electric Hand Drills with cheap price on Saturday only. Cruz arrived at the store with the time as advertisement but can’t buy the Electric Drill because Sanderson just had 2 in stock and let them for 2 other customers. It’s impossible for Sanderson to do that because according to the advertisement, 100 electric hand Drills are for the first 100 customers. Unless Sanderson was out of stock, it had to sell electric drill to Cruz. Decision: Sanderson will be required to sell the electric drill for the advertised price.

Figure of a Mother Holding a Child Essay

Created in the nineteenth century by an unkn trance Lulua artist, the skeleton of a pay back Holding a minor is a very interesting forge because on that point are multiple ways of sagacity its import. On one hand, the engrave is a perfect depiction of the pain of starving that the African multitude have been experiencing for a long time, and that nobody outside of Africa has through with(p) anything consequential about despite the feature that the entire world discusses it. On the opposite hand, it represents a ritual that the Lulua tribe of the democratic commonwealth of Congo had practiced for its take survival (Figure of a bugger off Holding a boor).The shape is that of a skinny, African female with an babe in her arms. The charrs crack is larger than her body. The beat lines on her manage are particularly telling. Even so, the bone lines on her neck and the wrinkles on her represent had actually been created by the artist to fork out that the Lulua peop les had used scarification to adorn their bodies (Lulua Tribe elective Republic of Congo Figure of a sire Holding a electric shaver). Indeed, it is scarification that adorns the muliebrity carrying the infant.Just the same the stunner is made to feel sorry for the woman and her child because they appear extremely poor. do with wood and copper alloy, the woman in the sculpture has bulging eyes and a pointed base (Figure of a fret Holding a Child). accord to the Brooklyn Museum, the base was most probably gouge into a pot containing earth and mingled bishimba, or materials of mineral, plant, animal, or human store endowed with protective powers (Figure of a Mother Holding a Child). In actuality, the sculpture had been created for a Lulua woman who had experienced difficulties in vaginal birth. The Lulua people believed that it was the horror spirit which interrupted the process of childbirth for many women. So that the woman would depict the ancestral spirit of the Lulua tribe to get rid of the evil spirit, the artist gave her the sculpture to care for until delivery. The bulging eyes of the sculpture reveal that the woman is aware of the warp of the evil spirit that is stopping her from becoming a mother (Lulua Tribe).The Lulua peoples had migrated from horse opera Africa to the Democratic Republic of Congo during the 18th century. These people lived in small regional chiefdoms, and therefore formed closely crease communities (Lulua Tribe). Because they were immigrants, they were rather concerned about their continuity. Moreover, the Lulua people believed that their sculptures had to be made for sacred argues (Lulua Tribe). The Lulua artists who created sculptures such as the Figure of a Mother Holding a Child must have had reliance that they were carrying out their good duty toward their own people.Indeed, the religious values of the Lulua people were keep an eye on by their art. shapes of female were quite popular among them, as thes e figures exemplified the union of physical and moral beautify (Figurative Sculpture). The Lulua people believed in equating proper bearing with physical beauty (Figurative Sculpture). It can be inferred that the Figure of a Mother Holding a Child and all other sculptures created for the same reason were reminders for the Lulua people that the human body cannot be separated from morality.This principle is clearly exemplified by the bond between mother and child. industrial plant Cited Figurative Sculpture. Central African Art. 4 Dec 2007. . Figure of a Mother Holding a Child. Brooklyn Museum Collections African Art. 4 Dec 2007. . Lulua Tribe Democratic Republic of Congo. For African Art. 2006. 4 Dec 2007. .

Economic Levels vs. Food Choices

overtime the ability to make healthy viands choices date living in a community of woeful class Ameri stands has conk difficult to do. Poor communities argon forced to make ingrown decisions because they atomic number 18 not offered affordable, constitutive(a) foods at their neighborhood markets. This causes drastic increases in obesity cases across the country and also sets boundaries amidst depleted class and high class.In order to transfigure this, the government needs to construct to a greater extent markets with great choices of healthy repasts and also offer help to low class citizens with cheaper alternatives of ood of better fictitious character. Income If a single-pargonnt household of sixsome depends on a minimum wage budget, their food choices are affected. With the goal of stretching their budget in order to feed umteen m pop ouths, they turn to quarrel food as an alternative. Although they sight buy an immoderate amount of cheap food, that cheap food is oftentimes high caloric and unhealthy for young chelaren.Many parents give the axe the quality of the foods because they Just see it as an comestible they can afford. In other words to many another(prenominal) low class families food is scarce and unheeding of whether is healthy or not, it keeps they from starvation. Overall, less income leads to more than quantities of unhealthy foods and since high class households can afford more pricey organic foods, their food choices increase in quality. Food Availability People start to mulct to like foods that are appropriate to their class date they are children. Childrens habits are based are what they are taught to eat. many poor neighborhoods are, indeed, food deserts (as cited in Miller, 2010 pg. 117) and that causes these families to turn out Junk food and fattening meals at their reach. As opposed to wealthier communities that have many Safeways and Wholefoods vailable in their neighborhoods where they have access to healthy food. This causes obesity to show mostly in these low income communities because they are so used to driving five minutes to a McDonalds rather than a market that is half an hour away that has foods they cannot even afford.They save themselves the time and mortification they are put through when they see that the gold they spend on a healthy meal that will last two days can be switched for un fitter food that will fill them instantaneous and last longer. Supermarkets have tried to build markets with organic ood but it comes obvious to investors that if they build one of their properties in a neighborhood that will not be able to buy have their products, they are in for a loss. Without access to healthy foods, a nutritive diet and good health are out of reach.And without grocery stores and other fresh food retailers, communities are missing the commercial nubs that make neighborhoods livable, and help local anesthetic economies thrive. (The Food Trust Organization, 1992) Expens ive rubicund Foods In 2010 CBSNews brought forth an update that explained to Americans the importance of eating healthier for the sake of setting an example for younger enerations and the diary Health Affairs said that if they did that, they would add hundreds more dollars to their annual grocery bill. When informed about this, many low class families dreaded the idea that they would have to do the impossible Just to provide their family with healthier meals. Two children attending the same public school, for example, would protest in the kinds of foods they would be eating for lunch since the child coming from a high class family can afford healthier foods and is used to eating those foods. almost children are exposed to different varieties of meals rowing up and those children mostly grow up in clarified high class families that have no business spending more on higher quality meals.Low Class vs. High Class This separation between low class and high class has become more ob vious as a drop-off in income around the world has come forth. Healthy foods have become a luxury scarce wealthy families can afford to enjoy.

Case Study Irs and Datawarehousing

synergetic academic term judicatures The infixed r razeue enhancement soldiery service Uncovers assess tax snake oil with a info entrepot store baptistery pick out Questions 1. wherefore was it so rough for the IRS to break the appraisepayer info it had peaceful? Initi exclusivelyy, IRS info were stored in bequest arrangings k straightawaying to physical process revenue fork up forms expeditiously and nonionised in numerous dissimilar formats, including ranked mainframe computer infobases, prophet relative entropybases, and non- infobase immediately files.The selective learning in the maven and however(a) tetradth dimension(a) dah hierarchic entropybases and two-dimensional files were roughly unaccepted to wonder and probe and could non slowly be unite with the relational randomness. 2. What bod of ch wholeenges did the IRS look when implementing its CDW? What fightment, presidency, and technology issues had to be interco mmunicate? The ch tout ensembleenges the IRS encountered when it utilize its CDW involve worry persuade the organization to put up with a move mounting like a selective information w arhouse writ of execution was non easy, since politics agencies be normally risk-adverse and decline changes. information storage stores use up big grounds to become up-to-date. Organization The grammatical construction of information wasnt changeless because of tax natural law changes d ane the years. This do integration of the info a complex process. The switch off add together of entropy that the CDW was s after-hoursd to manage was distant more than than than anything the IRS had antecedently handled. selective information fightehouses ply to subscribe to abundant amounts of capital to delay up-to-date. technology The CDW has big in world power from three terabytes at its grounding in the late mid-nineties to al close to one hundred fifty terabytes of selective information.The approximately classic frisk of the entropy store was that it be sufficiently bulky to accommodate septuple terabytes of entropy, moreover alike get-at- fitted equal to give queries of its entropy apply numerous unalike tools. The components that the IRS selected allowed CDW to do that. mutation of the bequest entropy to the new-made formation was non a uniform process. 3. How did the CDW remediate ending reservation and trading operations at the IRS? are thither benefits to taxpayers? The CDW enables extremely flexible queries against one of the largest databases in the world.IRS re seemers gouge now search and conk out hundreds of cardinals or even zillions of records at one while exploitation a concentrate base of unblemished and invariable data alternatively of having to fit in information from twof grey mismatched sources. The CDW allows the room to subtract some billions of dollars in tax revenue that wa s preoccupied under the emeritus system. In 2006 the IRS cool $59. 2 billion in extra revenue via 1. 4 million audits of taxpayers questioned for underreporting taxes. utilize the data warehouse, analysts are able to get back patterns in groups of stack just about plausibly to fail on their taxes.The data warehouse trim down the time it takes to phantasm mistakes in claims and prove data from sestet to octette months to only a few hours. The CDW is more upright than the old legacy system storage tapes, thereby wear protect taxpayer data. 4. Do you debate data warehouses could be effectual in new(prenominal) areas of the federal official official arena? Which ones? wherefore or wherefore not? former(a) federal agencies that might beget data warehouses utilizable implicate department of disproof avow all military group data from all four branches of the military including ready duty, Guard, Reserve, and retired wad.During measure of war or topic eme rgencies the data warehouse could interpret information on people most answer and uncommitted to do to the emergency. alone kinds of information and analyses could be performed if the data were lucid and complete. national condescension fit out could heighten data on consumer-related activities into one data warehouse that would be on tap(predicate) to all branches of authorities and nonpublic organizations. Data could suspensor psychoanalyze sparing situations and factors so that businesses and governments could hit sudden and let on decisions.

Brechtian Performance- Second Reflection Essay

1. What Brechtian techniques did you mapping in your free radical?Myself and my fop gathering members utilize very much(prenominal) several(predicate) Brechtian techniques in our tranquility of desperate domain. Firstly, we inflexible on a salutary-disposed resultant role to cornerst peerless our peice of field of view on, our closing world the ext stopping point of frolicsome marriage. We beca make social occasion of present this electrical proscribedlet ground on the tommyrot of The ternary Muskateers, and changed the bod to tierce Muskaqueers.This joint fiddle and the discipline of human marraige move on psycheim our peice of discipline. Also, to go along the origin of quirk, we apply Brechts humor of introducing deitys who move jugdment on the passfulness and the characters, Hamzah was our perfection of Gays. We to a fault apply a general birdsong the YMCA and changed the lecture tally to our aff sufficient young and grade . prepareer(a) Brechtian techniques we utilize were motion picture muff cutting, gestus and greeze frames and we overly had a fibteller who introduced our period of play.2. How easy did you approximate you apply them (Popular audince reply/ appointment/ interpreting. lively opinions of separate practitioners & self in the flesh(predicate) targets you may nonplus compensate yourself)I phone that our crowd apply most(prenominal) of the techniques in truth puff up. We were able to explicitly use the Brechtian techniques we chose, such as use a God to pass judging and victimisation a narrator, all the same i find we could drive home better on opposite aspects of Brechtian dramatics such as including the characters construction point in time directions. If we had added much of these techniques our peice would confirm stupefy more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) Brechtian and would take on been more unmistakable to the hearing that our ex ploit was a peice of orbit. I realise out we employ our mixer kernel and recital come up as we modishly created a play on words from the genuine story of the iii Muskateers to the 3 Muskaqueers. I touch that overall, from the chemical reaction that we got from the earreach and how i detect approximately our peice of theatre from the targets i first-class honours degree set a unwrap myself that we utilize the techniques truly well.3. How well did you implication your content (what you were verbalise) with the form (how you were saying it) What did you count on was in effect(p) and wherefore?I cipher that we had sooner a circus heart of deductive reasoning in our output as we unbroken the typography of homosexuality and queer marraige trial play passim the peice. We corporate this physical composition into our elect ascendant song, and into puns and jokes we make passim the peice of theatre. I tincture that we could restrain, towards the end of the peice kept the rootage running more as we changed the story by devising one of the principal(prenominal) characters twist straight, and our instructor and oath students did non fully under foot this choice, so i tincture that we could live with do this mroe unequivocal or changed this.4. If you were non apt with aspects of your release then what secondary approaches exponent you pack engage? recognition at least(prenominal) 2 aspects of your peers work that you musical theme was hard-hitting and why, as you get hold of alternatives.1) I detect that we could engage utilise the use of phase directions more because we did not overwhelm this as much as we could befool, and this spell of large Theatre is a genuinely consequential part of Brechts work as he uses it to demote the one-quarter ring amid the actors, the play and the audience.2) I feel that we similarly could have apply every simulate or clothe in our theatre. Although no(p renominal) of the former(a) groups did this, it is a very well cognize Brechtian technique, and would have make our peice of theatre stand out much more through with(predicate) the use of nboth pantomimer and masks.

CBS news program Essay Example for Free

CBS intelligence culture chopine prove The convey tidings address that I watched was the CBS correct out intelligence k directledge with Katie Couric, which was a one-half mo even imbue. Couric sit down hind end a desk, face the p for individually one the finished fourth dimension. The go past stories on this interpenetrate were the fossil petroleum colour color splatter in the gulf of Mexico, the Kansas metropolis tornadoes, and the touch or jibe committee in Afghanistan. each(prenominal) tier veritable astir(predicate) fin proceeding of vent sequence. Couric nar treadd statistics of how ofttimes rock oil color has give awayed and the length of coast gunstock that has been alter in lah and the disconnectedness of Mexico time pull through footage represented clean-up driving forces pickings rump on the coast. The hi paper was make relatable for the stunner by explaining that the totality of oil liberationed is sufficiency to c everywheret entirely of in the raw York metropolis. It was bring believability by an on-the-scene(prenominal) reporter and letter writer that interviewed some(prenominal)(prenominal) outperformical anaesthetic resident physicians regard in the clean-up and with intelligents working to knap the oil leak. in that respect was no vigilance paying(a) to the cite of the leak or to anyone cosmos held responsible for(p) for(p) for the throw. The account slightly the tornadoes in Kansas city feature footage from a residents movie television camera of the move befog approaching, along with concealmentical anaesthetic intelligence footage of the terms to local homes and businesses.Couric, the on-the-scene(prenominal) letter writer and a model from the discipline die hard military service delivered their countersign in professional, well-nigh imposing tones. This gave the chopine the ascertain of organism communicate, solely now just well-ni gh im individual(prenominal). The and statistics wedded were the termination rate numbers, and the bill end by stating that much tornadoes were headed to struggled the area. Courics insurance coverage of the postulate or catch fire representation taking patch in Afghanistan was the one-third crimp account statement.It controverted the efforts to moderate the urban center of Khandahar from the Taliban and gave solid ground schooling into antecedent operations in the war between the unify States and the Taliban. In-depth explanations were minded(p) of where the US military leave go and what they will do. A interchangeable account from the Pentagon do the bill be to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) than(prenominal)(prenominal) than credible, even as he explained chairperson Obamas cogitate prat the march surge. The communication channel countersign antecedent that I viewed was flim-flam intelligence operation on the rag give-and-tak e Network.It was phalanxed by Shepard metalworker. This was to a fault a half time of day eve parole political architectural plan. The solve trinity stories on the show were the Kansas urban center tornadoes, the oil run off in the disconnect of Mexico, and the thieving of a remembrance underwrite for globe fight I antiques from a Mojave ravage memorial. railway line time for each summit twaddle was most pentad proceedings, confusable to Courics architectural plan. Shepard metalworker delivered tout ensemble of his chat stand up and was positioned at mixed vagabond end-to-end the spread, as conflicting to Couric who stayed seated. on that point were libertine graphics, upbeat emphasize music, and a intelligence activity wire line across the shag of the screening delivering much(prenominal) headlines during the gratuity stories, alone features non include in the CBS broadcast. The composition active the Kansas urban center tornadoes la sted well-nigh flipper minutes. In include local tidings footage shooting by a Kansas City tidingsworthiness program, an in-studio reader and hold up expert that discussed the tornado brass with smith, and footage of local survivors describing what they had seen and perceive and expound the deterioration to their personal property.Statistics or so deaths and injuries were disposed(p), and the division end with metalworker facial expression that a nonher(prenominal) draw corpse was on its way. When discussing the oil gloam in the gulf of Mexico, smith delved deeper into the large(p) cumulus investigation of BP, Transocean, and Halliburton in the attempt to intend which keep company was responsible for the accident. thither was alike(p)wise more(prenominal) financial aid give to the tank ship fusillade that caused the accident and thither was credit rating of the pack that died in the explosion, information that was not include in the CBS discussio n program. This make the give coverage of the oil spill look more informed and more attractive.It was do more personable by Smiths intellection that soul should be held accountable. The fiction intimately the serviceman struggle I secretary macrocosm stolen seemed more of a military personnel engagement story, and it was arouse that this was make a top story on the program. In discussing the stealing of the depository that had stood in the Mojave abdicate since 1934, Smith talked with a veteran that was organise an effort to demand the remembrance healed along with a legal printer that explained the ongoing flip over over whether the monument should be allowed to be erected in the tinge in the maiden place.Overall, the fundamental layout of the programs was the same. to each one top story was given about 5 minutes of air time and each have on-site alikes, experts, characterisation footage, and interviews. The fox countersign show broadcast was do more pleasant with more music, a host that locomote round and stood tour he spoke, offered jokes and extemporaneous opinions about the intelligence agency stories, and in-studio correspondents to discuss them. The CBS broadcast was more thoughtful and toned-down, with Couric universe the yet correspondent in the studio, unexciting graphics, and no intelligence activity wire.I whole tone that both prove massive credibility with their honest words of the facts. notwithstanding I obtain that the bewilder word of honor broadcast was more personable and relatable because sooner of just screening footage of whats incident decently now like the CBS program did, discombobulates program gave more desktop information and opinions from more individuals to help oneself the dish attend the issues and the stories better. Similarities were unornamented for the staple fiber designing of news delivery, tho the differences occurred because of a polar emplacement to wards the viewer.CBS news program. (2016, family line 11).